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The IR calcium phosphate (CaP)\/collagen and carbonate\/collagen ratios has been evaluated to assess the remineralization changes in dentine; the carbonate\/collagen IR ratio was calculated to identify the nucleation of B\u2010type\u2010carbonated apatite and calcium carbonate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>ESEM\u2013EDX and ATR\u2013FTIR showed residuals of toothpastes after the treatments in all cases, with a general increase in the mineralization degree after soaking in artificial saliva and a decrease after acid attack.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Treatment with Arginine &amp; Calcium carbonate toothpaste showed the highest Ca\/P value after treatment (Ca\/P 1.62) and acid attack (Ca\/P 1.5) in confirmation, IR showed the highest amount of carbonate after treatment and soaking in artificial saliva.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Arginine and calcium carbonate toothpaste and HA and citrate toothpaste remained to a higher extent on the dentine surface and revealed a higher remineralization activity. These formulations showed higher resistance to demineralization attack, as demonstrated by a higher <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>CaP<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Amide II<\/jats:sub> intensity ratio than those obtained after EDTA treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Toothpastes that remained to a higher extent on dentine surface (arginine and calcium carbonate toothpaste in particular) were more able to promote remineralization. The formed calcium phosphate (CaPs) phase was intimately bound to dentine rather than a simple deposit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T07:50:15Z","timestamp":1688975415000},"page":"554-574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dentine surface modification and remineralization induced by bioactive toothpastes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Maria Giovanna","family":"Gandolfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Green Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8478-4508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Taddei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-4463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Zamparini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Green Biomaterials and Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia","family":"Ottolenghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Polimeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Prati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endodontic Clinical Section, School of Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1983.tb01284.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-5712(85)90004-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2014.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-14577-8_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2006.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S205804"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(14)50003-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2017.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"GazzanigaG RoveriN RimondiniL PalazzoB IafiscoM GualandiP.Biologically active nanoparticles of a carbonate\u2010substituted hydroxyapatite process for their preparation and compositions incorporating the same. 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