{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:50:28Z","timestamp":1790416228257,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]],"date-time":"2024-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically review the effect of probiotics on oral health during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched up to August 2022 using broad MeSH terms and keywords. Randomized clinical trials comparing a probiotic with a control\/no treatment; at least 10 patients\/group undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy; and reporting at least one oral health\u2010related parameter were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The most reported parameters in the 14 included studies were the microbiological counts of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli, microorganisms associated with white spot lesions (WSL). A meta\u2010analysis of these showed a positive effect of probiotics on mutans streptococci. Probiotic treatment led to significantly less patients with high counts and significantly more with low counts of these bacteria. An effect on the lactobacilli counts was not seen. However, the sole clinical study investigating WSL could not demonstrate a clinical effect of probiotics on these lesions. Additionally, one study reported encouraging results of probiotics on bad breath and one on the occurrence of traumatic oral lesions. One study found reduced counts of\n                      <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the probiotic group. The clinical results of probiotics on plaque index were ambiguous: one study reported that probiotics reduce the plaque and gingival index, and two that probiotics had no significant influence on plaque index.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Probiotics are a promising option to lower mutans streptococci counts in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy. However, due to the heterogeneity of the studies, it is not possible to draw conclusions about one specific probiotic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:19:08Z","timestamp":1716164348000},"page":"100-113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Probiotics for maintaining oral health during fixed orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Vincken","family":"Robin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Sciences\u2010Periodontics KU Leuven &amp; Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teughels","family":"Wim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Sciences\u2010Periodontics KU Leuven &amp; Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cadenas de Llano\u2010P\u00e9rula","family":"Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Sciences\u2010Orthodontics KU Leuven &amp; Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9662-8238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laleman","family":"Isabelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Sciences\u2010Periodontics KU Leuven &amp; Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Li\u00e8ge  Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2176-9451.19.2.046-055.oar"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000079621"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/ab1c81"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.02.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjv015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2000.0307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-007-0714-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90327-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(88)90453-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.19.3.199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003809.pub4"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Evidence for the efficacy of various methods of treating white\u2010spot lesions after debonding of fixed orthodontic appliances","volume":"37","author":"Bergstrand F","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601105010158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjn108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000163502753471989"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjw065"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz045"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000107932"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2016.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-014-1228-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000499037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12545"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/aacf49"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins JP","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000353467"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/TurkJOrthod.2019.18016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/12-243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1964158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2022.884683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-021-02310-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.326647"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_551_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5072530"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047722"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515576052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ccd.ccd_405_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345900690050801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.50.4.353-380.1986"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dental Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/idh.12821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T23:46:12Z","timestamp":1736466372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/idh.12821"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/idh.12821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/idh.12821","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-5029","1601-5037"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-5029","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-5037","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-10-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}