{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T22:59:31Z","timestamp":1788303571904,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032551","name":"Haleon","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CHX mouthwash a 360degree Clinical View"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CHX mouthwash a 360degree Clinical View"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032551","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014092","name":"International Federation of Dental Hygienists","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the effect of rinsing with a chlorhexidine containing mouthwash (CHX\u2010MW) on blood pressure (BP), as compared to rinsing with a control MW or no MW, based on (randomised) controlled trials and observational studies in humans. PROSPERO CRD42020222495.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PubMed\u2010MEDLINE and COCHRANE\u2010CENTRAL databases were searched to identify eligible studies that had been published as of December 2024. Studies evaluating the effect of CHX\u2010MW on human BP were included. A descriptive analysis of the selected studies and a meta\u2010analysis was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Searching identified 100 unique studies; five studies fulfilled all inclusion criteria and could be analysed. The descriptive analysis demonstrated that both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly increased after the use of CHX\u2010MW in two of the included studies. The meta\u2010analysis (MA) showed no significant difference of means (DiffM) based on end scores between CHX\u2010MW and controls for SBP (DiffM\u2009=\u20091.56, P=0.17;\u00a095% CI [\u22120.67; 3.80]) and DBP (DiffM\u2009=\u2009\u22120.10, P=0.91; 95% CI [\u22121.99; 1.78]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For patients to whom the use of CHX\u2010MW has been recommended, there is a moderate level of confidence that any change in BP due to the use of the antiseptic MW is insignificant or very small. The clinical importance of this BP elevation is estimated to be negligible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T03:01:12Z","timestamp":1773370872000},"page":"390-403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Effect of Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6619-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars S. 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M.","family":"Van Swaaij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen (HAN), University of Applied Sciences  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6669-4971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa L.","family":"Vagevuur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen (HAN), University of Applied Sciences  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5075-8384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fridus (G. A.)","family":"Van der Weijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1432-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark F.","family":"Timmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Section Implantology and Periodontology Radboud University Medical Center (Radboud UMC)  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7234-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmar Else","family":"Slot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2015.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00563.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000154582.37101.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2009.00337.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12402"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"136","article-title":"Antimicrobial Strategies to Reduce Polymer Biomaterial Infections and Their Economic Implications and Considerations","volume":"1","author":"Greenhalgh R.","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2016.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2016.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2017.1207"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08037051.2019.1680270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2466"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06276-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2008.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.1.209"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-6264(76)80006-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0695-546"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174314"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.38.2.274"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2009.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1554700"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61912-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 6.5 (Updated August 2024)","author":"Higgins J. 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