{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T21:48:30Z","timestamp":1782510510625,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Caregivers play an important role in providing oral hygiene to individuals with severe disabilities. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of toothbrushing by caregivers. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effects of toothbrushing by caregivers using sonic\u2010powered and manual toothbrushes on oral hygiene in individuals with severe disabilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was arandomized, single\u2010blind (investigator), 32\u2010week clinical trial. A total of 41 patients (25 males, mean age 33.5\u2009years) were included in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the sonic\u2010powered and manual toothbrush groups. The primary outcome variable was periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA). Oral bacterial count (OBC), gingival index (GI), plaque index (PLI), and plaque control record (PCR) were considered secondary outcome variables. Outcome variables and adverse effects were assessed at baseline and 32\u2009weeks after caregivers began using the assigned toothbrush for brushing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In both toothbrush groups, OBC, PISA, GI, PLI, and PCR significantly decreased after the intervention compared with those before the intervention (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). There were no significant differences in the time spent brushing teeth or the burden on caregivers before and after the intervention. Furthermore, no significant differences in OBC, PISA, GI, PLI, and PCR were observed between the two toothbrushes, and no relevant adverse effects were observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In toothbrushing by caregivers for severely disabled individuals, sonic\u2010powered toothbrushes were as effective and safe as manual toothbrushes. The results of this study may help caregivers select appropriate toothbrushes when assisted brushing for the severely disabled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T09:17:47Z","timestamp":1773911867000},"page":"451-460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Sonic\u2010Powered Toothbrushing by Caregivers in Individuals With Severe Disability: A Randomized Parallel\u2010Group Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Chika","family":"Kozono","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dental Hygiene, Department of Clinical Practice and Support Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0789-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoaki","family":"Shintani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Oral Clinical Examination Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumi","family":"Tokui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dental Hygiene, Department of Clinical Practice and Support Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7598-6981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hironori","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshifumi","family":"Nishio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6677-0353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuriko","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3177-0764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Shiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Endodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1915-1864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Kiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Science Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6656-092X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13127"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-4505.2010.00136.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7863-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"98","article-title":"Dentists and Dental Students Opinion Regarding Dental Treatment of Patients With Special Needs","volume":"20","author":"Shah A. 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