{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:01:40Z","timestamp":1790697700425,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to use three working posture assessment tools to investigate changes in working posture among dental hygiene students when using a clock position guide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was collected from 31 fourth\u2010year dental hygiene students at U University from September 9, 2021 to October 8, 2021. The working postures of the students were video\u2010recorded as they worked in a self\u2010position and guided position, and the working postures were assessed using RULA, REBA and M\u2010DOPAI. After excluding three participants who withdrew from the study, 28 were included in the final analysis. The data were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed\u2010rank test and Kruskal\u2013Wallis test with statistical significance set at 0.05.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The total RULA, REBA and M\u2010DOAPI scores improved for all clock positions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The RULA score had positive work position changes in all clock positions in all body parts, but only the wrist, trunk, neck and legs showed siginificant differences (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The REBA score had positive work position changes in the trunk, neck and wrist in all clock (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The M\u2010DOPAI score showed positive work position changes in all body parts in all clock positions except the hips in the 10\u201311 o'clock position, and there was a significant difference in the head and neck and wrists (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Dental hygiene students' satisfaction also showed positive changes from 2.84\u2009\u00b1\u20090.56, 3.06\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59 and 3.08\u2009\u00b1\u20090.57 to 3.82\u2009\u00b1\u20090.58, 4.00\u2009\u00b1\u20090.57 and 4.04\u2009\u00b1\u20090.49, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using clock position guides for working posture training of dental hygiene students will help establish an appropriate neutral position and reduce discomfort in various body parts in dental workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:22:30Z","timestamp":1776399750000},"page":"556-567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Changes in Dental Hygiene Students' Working Posture Using a Clock Position Guide"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0629-2652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju\u2010Hui","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ja\u2010Hye","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene U1 University  Yeongdong Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene U1 University  Yeongdong Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7234-9226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"So\u2010Jung","family":"Mun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7578-782X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sun\u2010Young","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8698-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiejin","family":"Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University  Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601\u20105037.2009.00395.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13065\/jksdh.20190057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Repercussions to the Musculoskeletal System of the Upper Limb Caused by Scaling Training Exercise","volume":"20","author":"Ro H. L.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-14-118"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-6-250"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"A Study on the Relationship Between Treatment Posture and Musculoskeletal Disorders Between Dental Hygienist and Dental Hygiene Student Some Areas","volume":"7","author":"Kwak J. S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Hygiene Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"36","article-title":"Musculoskeletal Disorders in a 3\u2010Year Longitudinal Cohort of Dental Hygiene Students","volume":"88","author":"Hayes M. J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"American Dental Hygienists' Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2008.72.1.tb04450.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11149\/jkaoh.2017.41.4.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13065\/jksdh.2018.18.03.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21815\/JDE.017.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Assessing the Use of Loupes and Lights in Dental Hygiene Educational Programs","volume":"91","author":"Arnett M. C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Education"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.25.821"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15268\/ksim.2016.4.4.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15207\/JKCS.2018.9.11.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13855"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","volume-title":"Diagnosis & Evaluation in Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal Diseases","author":"Compilation Committee of Diagnosis & Evaluation in Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal Diseases","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"J. H.Jeong \u201cChanges in Dental Hygiene Students' Working Posture Using Clock Position Guide: Focusing on Periodontal Instrumentation Using a Dental Mannequin. Doctoral Dissertation to Graduate School of Yonsei University \u201d(2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-6870(93)90080-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-6870(99)00039-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Validity and Reliability of a Dental Operator Posture Assessment Instrument (PAI)","volume":"76","author":"Branson B. G.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"444","volume-title":"Dental Hygiene: Theory and Practice","author":"Darby M. L.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","first-page":"92","volume-title":"Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist","author":"Wilkins E. M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","first-page":"41","volume-title":"Fundamentals of Periodontal Instrumentation & Advanced Root Instrumentation","author":"Nield\u2010Gehrig J. S.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","first-page":"100","volume-title":"Dental Prophylaxis","author":"Cho M. H.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","unstructured":"M.Middlesworth \u201cA Step\u2010By\u2010Step Guide Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA)\u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12375"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2003.0106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.1998.62.6.tb03211.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR\u20102010\u20100984"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2015.1077274"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1288-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5392\/JKCA.2012.12.09.234"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Impact of Ergonomic Training on Posture Utilizing Photography and Self\u2010Assessments Among Dental Hygiene Students and Practitioners","volume":"95","author":"Partido B. B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Dental Hygienists' Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdh.12428"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.10110"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dental Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/idh.70056","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/idh.70056","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/idh.70056","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:06:44Z","timestamp":1790694404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/idh.70056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/idh.70056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/idh.70056","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-5029","1601-5037"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-5029","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-5037","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}