{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:01:10Z","timestamp":1790697670657,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mouthwashes often present acidic pH, which raises concerns about their potential contribution to erosive tooth wear. This study evaluated the erosive potential of commercial fluoride\u2010free mouthwashes using a screening method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A convenience sample of 81 different mouthwashes was evaluated for their erosion potential (International Organization for Standardization, ISO\/FDIS 28888:2013). This method measured the pH changes (\u0394pH) of 25\u2009mL of calcium phosphate solution (baseline pH\u20095.05\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05; mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation) once the test mouthwash was added (0.25\u2009mL). Three citric acid\/citrate buffers were used, with the maximum allowable \u0394pH based on the strongest buffer. Each mouthwash was tested four times, and mean values, standard deviations, and the correlation\/regression between the initial and final pH were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mouthwashes presented a baseline pH range of 3.00\u20139.47. The reference solutions resulted in \u0394pH of 0.58\u2009\u00b1\u20090.00, 0.89\u2009\u00b1\u20090.00, and 1.20\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01, respectively. None of the mouthwashes showed \u0394pH higher than the strongest standard. Several unexpected results were observed: (i) nine mouthwashes with initial pH above 5.00 caused a pH drop when added to the screening solution; (ii) one mouthwash with initial pH\u20094.27 caused a pH drop to 4.17; and (iii) one with initial pH\u20094.93 caused a pH increase to 6.18. The correlation and regression values were:\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.81\/\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.65 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value &lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most mouthwashes showed no erosive potential, but unexpected pH shifts in over 10% highlight the need to refine testing methods for fluoride\u2010free products.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Significance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some fluoride\u2010free mouthwashes may contribute to dental erosion due to low pH. Identifying these products helps clinicians make safer recommendations for daily use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T03:09:13Z","timestamp":1775704153000},"page":"658-667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Erosion Potential of Commercial Fluoride\u2010Free Mouthwashes on Dental Hard Tissues"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9017-501X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Astrid C.","family":"Valdivia\u2010Tapia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam B.","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anderson T.","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime Aparecido","family":"Cury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Pedro","family":"Ricomini\u2010Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1944-2960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank","family":"Lippert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences Indiana University School of Dentistry  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000503308"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100722.1996.tb00065.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000325915"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3290\/j.qi.a35625"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2015.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807\u20103107bor\u20102021.vol35.0083"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19073926"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","volume-title":"ANSI\/ADA Standard No. 116 for Oral Rinses. American National Standards Institute, American Dental Association","author":"American National Standards Institute ADA","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2023.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","unstructured":"International Standard (ISO) Dentistry \u2014 Screening Method for Erosion Potential of Oral Rinses on Dental Hard Tissues. ISO\/FDIS 28888:2013(E)."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"American Dental Association (ADA) ANSI\/ADA Standard No. 116 for Oral Rinses\u2010E\u2010BOOK 2019available from https:\/\/engage.ada.org\/p\/eg\/ansiada\u2010standard\u2010no\u2010116\u2010for\u2010oral\u2010rinses\u2010ebook1189?."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2015.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12324"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Oral Hygiene Products may Cause Dental Erosion","volume":"85","author":"Ryt\u00f6maa I.","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","first-page":"71","article-title":"Ethanol and pH Levels of Proprietary Mouthrinses","volume":"11","author":"Bhatti S. A.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Laboratory Screening Evaluation of the Safety of Low pH Oral Care Rinse Products to Dental Enamel","volume":"33","author":"Moore J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2011.09.004"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dental Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/idh.70065","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/idh.70065","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/idh.70065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T15:05:18Z","timestamp":1790694318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/idh.70065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/idh.70065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/idh.70065","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-5029","1601-5037"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-5029","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-5037","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}