{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T19:28:44Z","timestamp":1793388524509,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1F1A1063262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1F1A1063262"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older adults are prone to oral function decline due to ageing, necessitating interventions for rehabilitation. Although oral exercises are widely recommended, systematic evidence supporting their effectiveness remains insufficient. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral exercise interventions for rehabilitating oral functions in older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive electronic search was performed in PubMed, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Library and CINAHL up to August 2022. Randomised controlled trials comparing oral exercise interventions with control conditions were included. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias (ROB) 2.0 tool. A total of eight studies were included in the meta\u2010analysis and pooled mean differences were estimated using a random\u2010effects model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1007 identified studies, 19 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 8 in the meta\u2010analysis. Interventions targeted masticatory, swallowing, pronunciation and salivary functions. Tongue exercises significantly improved swallowing function (MD\u2009=\u20097.06; 95% CI: 4.72\u20139.41;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and masticatory exercises enhanced masticatory function (MD\u2009=\u200937.77; 95% CI: 15.61\u201359.92;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). However, lip exercises showed no significant effect on swallowing function (MD\u2009=\u20091.43; 95% CI: \u22120.11\u20132.98;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.07).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral exercise interventions, particularly tongue and masticatory exercises, may improve oral function in older adults. These findings support the use of oral exercise as a practical intervention for dental hygienists and community\u2010based oral health programmes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T04:33:19Z","timestamp":1784953999000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Effectiveness of Oral Exercise for Oral Function Rehabilitation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Yong\u2010Keum","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science and Genome\u2010Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Digital Healthcare Research Institute Sun Moon University  Asan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3377-5665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyang\u2010Ah","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene Bucheon University  Bucheon\u2010si Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun\u2010Gyeong","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Graduate School Kyung Hee University  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6692-4909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u2010Hye","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Population Health Research, Department of Precision Medicine, Korea National Institute of Health Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA)  Cheongju Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.05.018","article-title":"The World Health Organization (WHO) Approach to Healthy Ageing","volume":"139","author":"Rudnicka E.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","volume-title":"The Future Policy Issues for Health of the Elderly : Construction of Functional Independence Promotion System of Everyday Living Activity","author":"SunWoo D.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","volume-title":"Fiscal Challenges and Inclusive Growth in Ageing Societies","author":"Rouzet D.","year":"2019"},{"issue":"10033","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00516-4","article-title":"The World Report on Ageing and Health: A Policy Framework for Healthy Ageing","volume":"387","author":"Beard J. 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