{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:48:45Z","timestamp":1790005725918,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fluoride controversy has intensified in recent years, partly due to new research suggesting negative health effects. Simultaneously, TikTok has become a prominent platform for disseminating oral health\u2010related content, but its accuracy remains uncertain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate TikTok videos addressing fluoride use, comparing the characteristics of videos which are evidence\u2010based to those which are not.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A quantitative content analysis was conducted of the first videos (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009120) which met the search criteria: provided by TikTok in response to the search string, \u2018fluoride vs. no fluoride\u2019; publicly accessible; and English\u2010language content. Videos were viewed and coded on the following seven variables: message content (evidence base); source; fluoride position; editing style; length; view rate (views\/month); and interaction index (likes\/views). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson Chi square, independent\u2010samples\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010tests and Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Only 22.5% of the videos were evidence\u2010based and only 40.0% were pro\u2010fluoride, although 54.1% of the sources were health professionals. Evidence\u2010based videos were more likely to be produced by health professionals (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20097.18, df\u2009=\u20092,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028), carry a pro\u2010fluoride message (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200911.91, df\u2009=\u20092,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), and be longer (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092.16, df\u2009=\u2009118,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033) than videos without an evidence base. The evidence\u2010based videos did not significantly differ in editing style, view rate, or interaction index.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People using TikTok for clarity on fluoride are less likely to find evidence\u2010based videos, and those videos tend to be pro\u2010fluoride, feature health professionals and be longer than videos which are not evidence based.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T04:35:37Z","timestamp":1787373337000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Evidence Base of Fluoride Videos on\n                    <scp>TikTok<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4435-0931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annel","family":"Lueth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2821-4863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lance Brendan","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","volume-title":"Global Oral Health Status Report: Towards Universal Health Coverage for Oral Health by 2030","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12783"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12494"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104335"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034519843495"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5455\/msm.2016.28.133\u2010137"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016350310007590"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520906384"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8635254"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2015.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD010856.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100528.2012.00721.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","first-page":"140","article-title":"America's Longest War: The Fight Over Fluoridation, 1950","volume":"9","author":"McNeil D. 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