{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T08:17:13Z","timestamp":1788509833170,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to the standard recommended brushing duration of 2\u2009min, what is the effect of a 3\u2009min on dental plaque scores, based on data from single toothbrushing exercises? PROSPERO: CRD42023445354.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE\u2010PubMed, Cochrane\u2010CENTRAL and Embase databases were searched up to May 2025 to identify eligible studies. Extracted data were summarised in a descriptive and, if possible, a meta\u2010analysis using difference of means (DiffM) or standardised mean difference (SMD) as outcome measures. The methodological quality of the included studies was scored using the RoB 2. Separate analyses were performed to evaluate participants' toothbrushing (PART) and professional toothbrushing (PROF), considering both manual (MTB) and powered (PTB) toothbrushes as distinct groups for subsequent comparisons. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on the selection criteria, the search identified 6 unique eligible publications providing 20 comparisons. The meta\u2010analysis revealed statistically significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.05) for PART\u2010MTB at the end scores, and for PROF\u2010PTB at end scores in favour of 3\u2009min brushing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on the descriptive and meta\u2010analyses as found in single brushing experiments there is, with moderate certainty, a very small to no difference in plaque removal, as measured in dental plaque reduction scores in favour of 3\u2009min brushing rather than 2\u2009min. Given the small effect size of the difference, the clinical relevance was estimated as negligible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T08:10:20Z","timestamp":1788509420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dental Plaque Scores After 2 or 3\u2009Minutes Toothbrushing: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6619-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars S. J.","family":"Toonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) A Joint Venture Between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen (HAN), University of Applied Sciences  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2633-3236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim M. J. A.","family":"Thomassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) A Joint Venture Between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3271-618X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anouk W. M.","family":"Loeffen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) A Joint Venture Between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Dental Hygiene Hogeschool Arnhem Nijmegen (HAN), University of Applied Sciences  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1432-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark F.","family":"Timmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Section Implantology and Periodontology Radboud University Medical Center (Radboud UMC)  Nijmegen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5075-8384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fridus A.","family":"van der Weijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) A Joint Venture Between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7234-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dagmar Else","family":"Slot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) A Joint Venture Between the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Amsterdam and the Faculty of Dentistry of the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Time to Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is: Addressing Inequalities in Oral Health","author":"The Economist Group","year":"2024"},{"issue":"10482","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02811-3","article-title":"Trends in the Global, Regional, and National Burden of Oral Conditions From 1990 to 2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"405","author":"Bernabe E.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e899","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(23)00205-0","article-title":"Redefining the Non\u2010Communicable Disease Framework to a 6\u2009\u00d7\u20096 Approach: Incorporating Oral Diseases and Sugars","volume":"8","author":"Benzian H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2021.725460","article-title":"Non\u2010Communicable Diseases and Oral Health: An Overview","volume":"2","author":"Wolf T. 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