{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T12:49:59Z","timestamp":1791377399345,"version":"4.3.2"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]],"date-time":"2012-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n \n To measure and compare the levels of the cytokines\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010,\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 and\n IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b3 in pulpal blood from irreversible pulpitis, asymptomatic caries exposure and normal pulps.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methodology<\/jats:title>\n \n Blood was obtained from pulp exposure sites using cotton pellets. Twenty\u2010five samples were obtained from normal teeth, 40 from asymptomatic caries\u2010exposed pulps and 43 from irreversible pulpitis teeth. Cytokine levels were determined by high\u2010sensitivity\n ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Data were statistically analysed using\n K<\/jats:styled-content>\n ruskal\u2013\n W<\/jats:styled-content>\n allis and\n M<\/jats:styled-content>\n ann\u2013\n W<\/jats:styled-content>\n hitney\n U\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n tests.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Significantly higher levels (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a00.05) of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010,\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 and\n IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b3 were detected in caries\u2010exposed pulps and irreversible pulpitis as compared to normal teeth.\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20102 and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 levels were significantly higher (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a00.05) in caries\u2010exposed pulps as compared to irreversible pulpitis, whilst\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108 was significantly higher (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001) in irreversible pulpitis as compared to caries\u2010exposed teeth. Most interestingly,\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106\/\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108\/\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 ratios were significantly higher (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001) in irreversible pulpitis compared with both caries\u2010exposed and normal teeth.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Levels of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108 and the ratios of\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20106\/\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 and\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u20108\/\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201010 have the potential to be indicators of pulpal inflammation in caries exposure cases. Cytokine estimation in pulpal blood may help in the diagnosis of pulpal inflammation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,18]],"date-time":"2012-10-18T20:48:24Z","timestamp":1350593304000},"page":"573-580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":157,"title":["Cytokines as diagnostic markers of pulpal inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"ElSalhy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Azizieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Gulf University for Science and Technology West Mishref 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