{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:03:30Z","timestamp":1791414210710,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,8]],"date-time":"2016-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine whether local anaesthesia is required for treating teeth with necrotic pulps (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNP<\/jats:styled-content>) and retreatment cases (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RC<\/jats:styled-content>s) associated with periapical lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Root canal treatment was performed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RC<\/jats:styled-content>s without the administration of local anaesthesia. Patients were assured that if they experienced pain, local anaesthesia would be provided. Eighty canals, 40 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNP<\/jats:styled-content> and 40 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RC<\/jats:styled-content>s, were included in the study. Two length measurements were performed: one using an electronic apex locator (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAL<\/jats:styled-content>), which was defined as the electronic length (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EL<\/jats:styled-content>), and the second, the length at which the patient first reported that a size 15 file was touching the periapical tissues, which was defined as the periodontal length (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content>). The\u00a0difference between these two measurements (\u0394\u00a0=\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content> \u2212<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> EL<\/jats:styled-content>) was the parameter studied. Statistical analysis was conducted using two\u2010way <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc> and paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests. Working length (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WL<\/jats:styled-content>) was defined in this study as being 0.5\u00a0mm short of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EL<\/jats:styled-content> was shorter than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content> in 96% of cases. The mean difference between measurements was 0.78 (\u00b10.11)\u00a0mm in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNP<\/jats:styled-content> group and 0.63 (\u00b10.15)\u00a0mm in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RC<\/jats:styled-content> group; the difference was not significant. The distances between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PL<\/jats:styled-content> were thus 1.28 and 1.13\u00a0mm, respectively. In none of the 80 canals did the patient experience any pain, either during the measurements or during the instrumentation procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>When <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EAL<\/jats:styled-content>s are used, local anaesthesia may not be required for root canal treatment in teeth with necrotic pulps and retreatment cases associated with periapical lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,19]],"date-time":"2016-03-19T10:35:45Z","timestamp":1458383745000},"page":"330-338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Does root canal treatment in necrotic pulp or retreatment cases with periapical lesions require anaesthesia? 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