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The three root canals were scanned using micro\u2010computed tomography (\u03bc<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>) (Skyscan 1174, Skyscan, Kontich, Belgium) and modelled according to the \u03bc<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> data. An intact tooth model with a root length of 16\u00a0mm was also constructed based on \u03bc<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> images of an extracted maxillary premolar with two roots. New models were constructed by replacing both of the original canals of the intact two\u2010rooted premolar model with the modelled canals prepared with the HeroShaper, Revo\u2010S or ProTaper Universal system. Occlusal forces of 200\u00a0N were applied in oblique and vertical directions. Finite element analysis was performed using Abaqus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FEA<\/jats:styled-content> software (Abaqus 6.14, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABAQUS<\/jats:styled-content> Inc., Providence, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RI<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> USA<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Upon the application of oblique occlusal forces, the palatal external cervical root surface and the bifurcation (palatal side of the buccal root) in tooth models experienced the highest maximum principal (Pmax) stresses. The application of vertical forces resulted in minor Pmax stress values. Models prepared using the ProTaper system exhibited the highest Pmax stress values. The intact models exhibited the lowest Pmax stress values followed by the models prepared with the HeroShaper system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The differences in Pmax stress values amongst the different groups of models were mathematically minimal under normal occlusal forces. Rotary systems with varying tapers might predispose the root fracture on the palatal side of the buccal root\u00a0and cervical palatal root surface in two\u2010rooted premolars.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,24]],"date-time":"2017-03-24T09:34:31Z","timestamp":1490348071000},"page":"529-540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Influence of nickel\u2010titanium rotary systems with varying tapers on the biomechanical behaviour of maxillary first premolars under occlusal forces: a finite element analysis study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6948-6086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Askerbeyli \u00d6rs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontology Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara 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