{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:09:33Z","timestamp":1792804173527,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the views of final year dental surgery students (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDS<\/jats:styled-content>; G1) at Cardiff University and general dental practitioners (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDP<\/jats:styled-content>s; G2) within the geographic area of Cardiff, Wales, on antibiotic prescribing for endodontic conditions, and investigate the potential differences between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional online questionnaire\u2010based survey of 12 qualitative and quantitative questions was distributed to 76 final year <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDS<\/jats:styled-content> Cardiff University students and 55 dental practices within Cardiff, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>. Six questions recorded general information, and the remaining questions included a series of hypothetical clinical scenarios, where the participants were asked to state whether they would or would not prescribe antibiotics. The data were analysed using <jats:sc>spss<\/jats:sc> version 23 to produce descriptive statistics, contingency tables and to run chi\u2010square (\u03c7\u00b2) tests, Fisher's exact tests and relative risk calculations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The response rate was 60% (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a079). All G1 participants were aware of the consequences of antibiotic overuse. Approximately 60% of responders were aware of guidelines for antibiotic use in endodontic therapies, and 83% would only use antibiotics for a limited selection of patients (e.g. patients with systemic complications). G1 responses to clinical scenarios indicated overall that they were comparable to the ideal answers except for acute apical abscess (64% believed that antibiotics were indicated). The majority of G2 were aware of the consequences of antibiotic overuse. Only 28% of G2 were aware of guidelines for antibiotic use in endodontic therapies. Overall responses revealed that antibiotics would be prescribed for: systemic complications (78%), acute apical abscess (72%) and symptomatic apical periodontitis (28%). The clinical scenarios revealed G1 were more likely to prescribe antibiotics compared to G2 for cases of necrotic pulp with symptomatic apical periodontitis without systemic complications (incorrect answer) and less likely to other clinical scenarios such as necrotic pulp and asymptomatic apical periodontitis for patients with a history of rheumatic fever (ideal answers), symptomatic irreversible\/reversible pulpitis, failure to achieve anaesthesia, chronic apical abscess for patients with diabetes. The recognition of antibiotic prescription for cases with signs of spreading infection was more evident in G2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Final year undergraduate students were aware of the antibiotic resistance crisis, although a third was not aware of guidelines for use of antibiotics in endodontic conditions; their responses to clinical scenario were generally compatible with the guidelines. General dentists were less aware of the implications of overuse of antibiotics and the existence of guidelines, and their responses were occasionally incompatible with antibiotic guidelines for endodontic therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12887","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T17:31:15Z","timestamp":1515605475000},"page":"717-728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Antibiotic prescribing for endodontic therapies: a comparative survey between general dental practitioners and final year Bachelor of Dental Surgery students in Cardiff, <scp>UK<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0399-3314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. A.","family":"Al Masan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry College of Biomedical and Life Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. M. H.","family":"Dummer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry College of Biomedical and Life Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0662-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. J. J.","family":"Farnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry College of Biomedical and Life Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7459-0582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. E.","family":"Vianna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry College of Biomedical and Life Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"AAE(2016)Antibiotics: a risky prescription.https:\/\/www.aae.org\/specialty\/2016\/08\/19\/antibiotics-a-risky-prescription\/(Accessed on 21 January 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-4477.2000.tb00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"CD004969","article-title":"Antibiotic use for irreversible pulpitis","volume":"2","author":"Agnihotry A","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Cochrane Library"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/fampra\/19.1.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"BOS(2015)Bristol online survey homepage.https:\/\/www.onlinesurveys.ac.uk\/(Accessed on 27 September 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7451.1312"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","volume-title":"Epidemiology: An introductory text for medical and other health science students","author":"Christie D","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-015-0016-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"DPA(1998)Data Protection Act 1998.http:\/\/www.legislation.gov.uk\/ukpga\/1998\/29\/contents(Accessed on 24 November 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12781"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.302.6772.302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"CD004969","article-title":"Antibiotic use for irreversible pulpitis","volume":"12","author":"Fedorowicz Z","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Cochrane Library"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-1546.2002.30106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/152582202237725"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-009-0171-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.10.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-1546.2002.30109.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzg031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"CD000247","article-title":"Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis","volume":"3","author":"Kenealy T","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Cochrane Library"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2008.984"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098614554919"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2009.01642.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12778"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","unstructured":"NICE(2016)Prophylaxis against infective endocarditis: antimicrobial prophylaxis against infective endocarditis in adults and children undergoing interventional procedures.https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg64?unlid=2976859932016927123353(Accessed on 15 October 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02602930701293231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","unstructured":"O'NeillJ(2016)Tackling drug\u2010resistant infections globally: final report and recommendations.London:Wellcome Trust & HM Government 1\u201380."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4800597","article-title":"Therapeutics: a study of prophylactic antibiotic prescribing in National Health Service general dental practice in England","volume":"189","author":"Palmer NAO","year":"2000","journal-title":"British Dental Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2004.00181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emph\/eou024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1300"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","unstructured":"SDCEP(2011)Drug prescribing for dentistry dental clinical guidance.http:\/\/www.nhstaysideadtc.scot.nhs.uk\/Antibiotic%20site\/pdf%20docs\/Drug_Prescribing_for_Dentistry_2_Web_2[1].pdf(Accessed on 12 October 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01691.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12741"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","volume-title":"Antimicrobial prescribing for general dental practitioners","author":"Sharif F","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina46120113","article-title":"Antibiotic prescription for the treatment of endodontic pathology: a survey among Lithuanian dentists","volume":"46","author":"Sku\u010dait\u2250 N","year":"2010","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","first-page":"CD000245","article-title":"Antibiotics for acute bronchitis","volume":"3","author":"Smith SM","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Cochrane Library"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","first-page":"CD000023","article-title":"Antibiotics for sore throat","volume":"11","author":"Spinks A","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Cochrane Library"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ns2002.06.16.40.33.c3214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2015.812"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2015.843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","unstructured":"VMD(2015)Veterinary medicines guidance.https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/collections\/veterinary-medicines-guidance-notes-vmgns(Accessed on 12 October 2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1996.0444"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.183095"}],"container-title":["International Endodontic Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fiej.12887","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/iej.12887","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T15:01:22Z","timestamp":1695481282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/iej.12887"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/iej.12887"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12887","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-2885","1365-2591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-2885","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}