{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T05:25:34Z","timestamp":1793597134952,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>This systematic review (SR<\/jats:styled-content>; PROSPERO<\/jats:styled-content> database: CRD<\/jats:styled-content>42017075160) and network meta\u2010analysis (NMA<\/jats:styled-content>) identified the most effective oral premedication for anaesthetic success of inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANB<\/jats:styled-content>) in cases of irreversible pulpitis. Medline and Ebscohost databases were searched up until 10\/2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCT<\/jats:styled-content>) studying the effect of oral premedication, alone or in combination, on the success of IANB<\/jats:styled-content> for cases of irreversible pulpitis, compared to placebo or other oral premedications, were included. Quality of the included studies was appraised by the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials. Pairwise analysis, NMA<\/jats:styled-content> and quality of evidence assessment using GRADE<\/jats:styled-content> criteria were performed. Nineteen studies (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01654 participants) were included. NMA<\/jats:styled-content> demonstrated that compared to placebo, dexamethasone was most effective in increasing anaesthetic success (RR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.92 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.74,4.91]; SUCRA<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.96), followed by NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s (RR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.92 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.63,2.27], SUCRA<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.738) and Tramadol (RR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.03 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.18,3.49], SUCRA<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.737). Premedication with acetaminophen added to NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s demonstrated similar efficacy as NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s alone (RR<\/jats:styled-content>, 1.06 [95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.79,1.43]). Sensitivity analyses proved the superiority of dexamethasone or NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s over any other premedications. Subgroup analyses of specific dosages in comparison with placebo demonstrated that dexamethasone 0.5\u00a0mg was most effective, followed by ketorolac 10\u00a0mg, piroxicam 20\u00a0mg, ibuprofen 400\u00a0mg\u00a0+ acetaminophen 500\u00a0mg and Tramadol 50\u00a0mg. Ibuprofen 400\u00a0mg, 600\u00a0mg and 800\u00a0mg had a significantly improved IANB<\/jats:styled-content> success, while Ibuprofen 300\u00a0mg had no effect. Oral premedication with dexamethasone, NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s or Tramadol significantly increased anaesthetic success. More trials are needed to evaluate the premedication effects of dexamethasone or Tramadol for improved anaesthetic success of IANB<\/jats:styled-content> when treating irreversible pulpitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,26]],"date-time":"2018-02-26T15:49:12Z","timestamp":1519660152000},"page":"989-1004","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Effect of oral premedication on the anaesthetic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis \u2013 A systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5727-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S. J.","family":"Pulikkotil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Dentistry School of Dentistry International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3783-3156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V.","family":"Nagendrababu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Dentistry School of Dentistry International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. K.","family":"Veettil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Jinatongthai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacy Practice Division Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ubon Ratchathani University Ubon Ratchathani Thailand"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy Monash University Malaysia Selangor Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0834-1398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. C.","family":"Setzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2344\/15-00019.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/ofph.1642"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"e39","article-title":"Anesthetic efficacy of articaine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks in patients with symptomatic versus asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis","volume":"60","author":"Argueta\u2010Figueroa L","year":"2012","journal-title":"General Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00049-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Inferior alveolar nerve block for the treatment of teeth presenting with irreversible pulpitis: a systematic review of the literature and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"48","author":"Corbella S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Quintessence International"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.8166"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2013.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(89)90310-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"A revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials","volume":"10","author":"Higgins JPT","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Methods"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2385"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"708","article-title":"Comparison of premedication of lornoxicam and ibuprofen on the success of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis","volume":"34","author":"Jalil S","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pakistan Oral and Dental Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.108209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200310000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"803","article-title":"Indirect comparisons and network meta\u2010analyses","volume":"112","author":"Kiefer C","year":"2015","journal-title":"Deutsches Arzteblatt International"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(86)80204-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2016.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Preoperative oral nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs for the success of the inferior alveolar nerve block in irreversible pulpitis treatment: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis based on randomized controlled trials","volume":"43","author":"Li C","year":"2012","journal-title":"Quintessence International"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/AJPP2013.3546"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/bjms.v16i3.32848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.10.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-2399(98)80053-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200311000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.DON.0000140565.88940.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of preoperative Aceclofenac on the success of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis","volume":"3","author":"Paul J","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01833.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g5630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90372-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"ZC25","article-title":"Effect of oral premedication on the efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: a prospective, double\u2010blind, randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Saha SG","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Diagnostic Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2012.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12272"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-016-1974-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"The effect of preoperative ibuprofen, combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen, ketorolac versus placebo on the efficacy of the inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with irreversible pulpitis","volume":"2","author":"Singh RD","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2017.01.943"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys222"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10019-1038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Endodontics, principles and practice","author":"Walton R","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2015.06.008"}],"container-title":["International Endodontic Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fiej.12912","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/iej.12912","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T09:39:32Z","timestamp":1694943572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/iej.12912"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/iej.12912"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12912","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0143-2885","1365-2591"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0143-2885","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2591","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-03-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}