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A case\u2010control association study was performed to assess the association of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TP<\/jats:styled-content>63<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms in individuals having <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> with or without associated pain. Cases were defined as subjects with deep caries and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0151) and subjects with symptomatic apical periodontitis or acute apical abscess (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0124). Subjects without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0169) and asymptomatic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0196) were used as controls, respectively. Saliva samples were collected as source of genomic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>. Twelve <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNP<\/jats:styled-content>s in the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TP<\/jats:styled-content>63<\/jats:italic> gene were selected for genotyping using Taqman chemistry in real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. Data analysis was performed using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PLINK<\/jats:styled-content> software. The Bonferroni method was applied to correct for multiple testing; \u03b1\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.004 indicates significant differences between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TP<\/jats:styled-content>63 expression was evident in apical abscesses and radicular cysts, while weaker expression was observed in periapical granulomas. Positive expression was observed in mononuclear cells in the granulation tissues of all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> lesions. Regarding the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content>, a trend for allelic association was observed for rs16864812 and rs9810322 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) and rs9810322 genotypes were also nominally associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> under a dominant model (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04). When considering the presence of periapical pain, a trend for allelic and genotypic association was observed for rs10155037 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03). Haplotypes were also associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> and periapical pain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apical periodontitis is a complex multifactorial condition and it is likely that multiple genes and environmental effects may influence its susceptibility, progression or both. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TP<\/jats:styled-content>63 variants may play a role in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content> pathogenesis and susceptibility, individually or interactively with other genes. Additional studies in other populations and functional studies are needed to improve understanding of the role of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TP<\/jats:styled-content>63<\/jats:italic> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T08:22:17Z","timestamp":1556266937000},"page":"1344-1353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Potential role of <scp>TP<\/scp>63 in apical periodontitis development"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7057-9850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. 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