{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:27:20Z","timestamp":1787585240618,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effects of systemically administered melatonin on inflammation and alveolar bone resorption in rats with experimentally induced periapical lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty adult Sprague Dawley rats were divided equally into negative, positive control and melatonin groups. The pulp chambers of their mandibular first molars were exposed to the oral environment to induce experimental periapical lesions in the positive control and melatonin groups. The melatonin group received daily intraperitoneal injections of melatonin at a dose of 10\u00a0mg\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. After 21\u00a0days, the animals were euthanized; the hemi\u2010mandible parts were prepared for radiological, histopathological, immunohistochemical (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANK<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> RANKL<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> OPG<\/jats:styled-content> and tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRAP<\/jats:styled-content>) and Brown\u2013Brenn (bacteria) evaluations. Data were analysed by Kruskal\u2013Wallis (for non\u2010parametric data) and one\u2010way <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc> tests (for parametric data) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The area of radiographic periapical bone loss was significantly smaller in rats that were given daily intraperitoneal injections of melatonin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The histopathological scores of the melatonin group were significantly lower than those of positive control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Histomorphometrically, the area of periapical bone loss in the melatonin group was significantly smaller than the positive control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>1\u2010\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANK<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher in the positive control group, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPG<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly higher in the melatonin group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The number of osteoclasts was significantly greater in the positive control group by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRAP<\/jats:styled-content> staining analyses (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). The scores for bacteria localization using Brown\u2013Brenn staining in the melatonin group was significantly lower than that of the positive control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Melatonin demonstrated antiresorptive effects on bone associated with experimentally induced periapical lesions in rats via its anti\u2010inflammatory activity. Further studies are necessary to evaluate its possible effects on the healing of periapical lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T13:46:09Z","timestamp":1557236769000},"page":"1466-1478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Anti\u2010inflammatory and antiresorptive functions of melatonin on experimentally induced periapical lesions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Sar\u0131tekin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry S\u00fcleyman Demirel University Isparta Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8295-4347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"\u00dcreyen Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics 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