{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T20:38:32Z","timestamp":1780346312730,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the ongoing COVID\u201019 pandemic, healthcare professionals are at the forefront of managing the highly infectious coronavirus. As the most common route of transmission is via aerosols and droplet inhalation, it is critical for healthcare workers to have the correct personal protective equipment (PPE) including gowns, masks and goggles. Surgical masks are not effective in preventing the influenza and SARS, so they are unlikely to be able to resist contaminated aerosols from entering the respiratory system. Therefore, it is vital to use respirators which have been proven to offer better protection against droplets, aerosols and fluid penetration and which form a tight seal around the mouth and nose. Various types of respirators are used in healthcare settings, such as half\u2010mask filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and powered air\u2010purifying respirators (PAPRs). The most commonly used FFR is the N95 disposable respirator, which is tight fitting and has a 95% or above particle filtering efficiency for a median particle size of 0.3\u00a0\u00b5m. This review discusses respirators, their purpose, types, clinical efficiency and proper donning and doffing techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T19:11:17Z","timestamp":1588360277000},"page":"1062-1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Role of respirators in controlling the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID\u201019) amongst dental healthcare providers: a review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3817-5941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Umer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Operative Dentistry Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6299-7972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z.","family":"Haji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Operative Dentistry Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0060-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Zafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Operative Dentistry Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2010.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/155892501000500405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Fit assessment of N95 filtering\u2010facepiece respirators in the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Strategic National Stockpile","volume":"32","author":"Bergman M","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the International Society for Respiratory Protection"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","volume-title":"NIOSH respirator selection logic: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service,Centers","author":"Bollinger NJ","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2016.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxaa020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","volume-title":"Strengthening N95 filtering facepiece respirator protection programs by evaluating the contribution of each of the program elements","author":"Danyluk Q","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30806-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2017.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000448"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02292-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.12381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520914246"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345690480012401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-020-0075-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13291"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13168-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2014.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268804002766"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2004973"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","article-title":"Sterilization of disposable face masks by means of standardized dry and steam sterilization processes; 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