{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:59:02Z","timestamp":1791583142085,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,5]],"date-time":"2021-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50025\/2020\u20102023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50025\/2020\u20102023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare six reciprocating instruments regarding their geometric design, metallurgical characteristics, mechanical behaviour and ability to prepare root canals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 246 new 25\u2010mm NiTi instruments (41 per group) from six reciprocating systems (Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, One Files, One Files Blue, Reverso Silver, and WaveOne Gold) were evaluated throughout a multimethod approach regarding their design using stereomicroscopy (number of blades and helix angle) and scanning electron microscopy (blades symmetry, cross section and surface finishing), nickel\u2010titanium composition, phase transformation temperatures, mechanical performance (cyclic fatigue, torsional and bending resistance) and unprepared canal surface area on anatomically matched mandibular molars assessed by micro\u2010CT. One\u2010way ANOVA and <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic> Tukey\u2019s or Mood's median tests were selected depending on sample distribution with significance level set at 5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The instruments had similarities regarding their metal composition and unprepared canal area, whilst differences in phase transformation temperatures and geometric design (number of blades, surface finishing and tip geometry) were observed. Overall, no difference was observed regarding the maximum torque values (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05), whilst One Files (72\u00a0s) and One Files Blue (414\u00a0s) had the shortest and longest times to fracture, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Similar angles of rotation were observed in Reciproc (310\u00b0), One Files (285\u00b0) and Reverso Silver (318\u00b0) instruments (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05), which were significantly lower than Reciproc Blue (492\u00b0), One Files Blue (456\u00b0) and WaveOne Gold (492\u00b0; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Maximum bending load demonstrated that Reciproc Blue (201.3 gf) was significantly more flexible that the other instruments (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although there were similarities in metal composition and percentage of unprepared canal surface, the instruments had differences in the overall geometric design, phase transformation temperatures and in the four mechanical resistance parameters (time to fracture, maximum torque, angle of rotation and maximum bending load).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T08:57:01Z","timestamp":1617872221000},"page":"1623-1637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Design, metallurgical features, mechanical performance and canal preparation of six reciprocating instruments"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6932-2038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. N. R.","family":"Martins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias Orais e Biom\u00e9dicas (UICOB) Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Estudo de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Baseada na Evid\u00eancia (CEMDBE) Faculdade de Medicina Dent\u00e1ria Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6445-8243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. J. N. 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