{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T20:18:38Z","timestamp":1788121118875,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the dental pulp response to a novel mineral trioxide aggregate containing phosphorylated pullulan (MTAPPL) in rats after direct pulp capping.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ninety\u2010six cavities were prepared in the maxillary first molars of 56\u00a0male Wistar rats. The dental pulps were intentionally exposed and randomly divided into four groups according to the application of pulp capping materials: MTAPPL; phosphorylated pullulan (PPL); a conventional MTA (Nex\u2010Cem MTA, NCMTA; positive control); and Super\u2010Bond (SB; negative control). All cavities were restored with SB and observed for pulpal responses at 1\u2010, 3\u2010, 7\u2010 and 28\u2010day intervals using a histological scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test with Bonferroni's correction, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. DMP1 and CD34 antigen were used to evaluate odontoblast differentiation and pulpal vascularization, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On day 1, mild inflammatory cells were present in MTAPPL and NCMTA groups; fewer inflammatory cells were present in the PPL, whereas SB was associated with a mild\u2010to\u2010moderate inflammatory response. A significant difference was observed between PPL and SB (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). No mineralized tissue deposition was observed. On day 3, moderate\u2010to\u2010severe inflammatory cells were present in PPL and SB, whereas MTAPPL and NCMTA had a mild inflammatory response. Initial mineralized tissue deposition was observed in the NCMTA, MTAPPL and SB. A significant difference was observed between MTAPPL and PPL (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). On day 7, a thin layer of mineralized tissue was observed in all tested groups with no or mild inflammatory response. On day 28, no inflammatory response was observed in MTAPPL, whereas NCMTA, PPL and SB had mild inflammatory responses. A significant difference was observed between MTAPPL and SB (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Complete mineralized tissue barrier formation was observed in MTAPPL, NCMTA and PPL with no significant difference (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). SB exhibited incomplete mineralized tissue barriers, significantly different from NCMTA, MTAPPL and PPL (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). The staining with CD34 was positive in all the groups on all observation days.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The favourable pulpal responses and induction of mineralized tissue formation associated with MTAPPL indicate its potential application as a direct pulp capping material.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T05:18:12Z","timestamp":1623043092000},"page":"1902-1914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Histological evaluation of a novel phosphorylated pullulan\u2010based pulp capping material: An\n                    <i>in vivo<\/i>\n                    study on rat molars"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1409-8112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dental Medicine Hokkaido University Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1944-347X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Toida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dental Medicine Hokkaido University Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8170-5456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Faculty of Dental Medicine Hokkaido University Hokkaido 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