{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:42:24Z","timestamp":1782186144077,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The physiological effects and cellular mechanism of 25\u2010hydroxycholesterol (25\u2010HC), which is an oxysterol synthesized from cholesterol by cholesterol\u201025\u2010hydroxylase (CH25H) expressed under inflammatory conditions, are still largely unknown during odontoclastogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate 25\u2010HC\u2010induced odontoclastogenesis and its cellular mechanisms in odontoblast\u2010like MDPC\u201023 cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate 25\u2010HC\u2010induced odontoclastogenesis of MDPC\u201023 cells and its cellular mechanism, haemotoxylin and eosin staining, tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, dentine resorption assay, zymography, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection, immunocytochemistry, and nuclear translocation were performed. The experimental values are presented as mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard deviation and were compared using analysis of variance, followed by post hoc multiple comparisons (Tukey's test) using SPSS software version 22 (IBM Corp.). A <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;.05 was considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lipopolysaccharide or receptor activator of nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB ligand (RANKL) induced the synthesis of 25\u2010HC via the expression of CH25H in MDPC\u201023 cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Multinucleated giant cells with morphological characteristics and TRAP activity of the odontoclast were increased by 25\u2010HC in MDPC\u201023 cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Moreover, 25\u2010HC increased dentine resorption through the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases in MDPC\u201023 cells. It not only increased the expression of odontoclastogenic biomarkers but also translocated cytosolic nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u2010\u03baB) to the nucleus in MDPC\u201023 cells. Additionally, 25\u2010HC not only increased the production of ROS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01), expression of inflammatory mediators (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01), pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, receptor activator of NF\u2010\u03baB (RANK), and RANKL but also suppressed the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) in MDPC\u201023 cells. In contrast, CDDO\u2010Me, a chemical NF\u2010\u03baB inhibitor, decreased TRAP activity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01) and downregulated the expression of the odontoclastogenic biomarkers, including RANK and RANKL, in MDPC\u201023 cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>25\u2010HC induced odontoclastogenesis by modulating the RANK\u2013RANKL\u2013OPG axis via NF\u2010\u03baB activation in MDPC\u201023 cells. Therefore, these findings provide that 25\u2010HC derived from cholesterol metabolism may be involved in the pathophysiological etiological factors of internal tooth resorption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T16:33:28Z","timestamp":1670085208000},"page":"432-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["<scp>25\u2010Hydroxycholesterol<\/scp> induces odontoclastic differentiation through <scp>RANK<\/scp>\u2013<scp>RANKL<\/scp> upregulation and <scp>NF\u2010\u03baB<\/scp> activation in odontoblast\u2010like <scp>MDPC<\/scp>\u201023 cells: An <i>in vitro<\/i> study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"HyangI","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, School of Dentistry Chosun University  Gwangju 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