{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:42:41Z","timestamp":1790620961590,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate and compare the treatment outcome of root filled teeth with apical periodontitis treated either non\u2010surgically or by endodontic microsurgery, and to assess the influence of an intra\u2010radicular post, clinical and demographic factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical and radiological data from 1157 patients with apical periodontitis in previously root filled teeth treated by postgraduate students at the Department of Endodontics, University of Oslo, between September 2010 and January 2020 with recall data at least 11\u2009months from completion were studied. Surgical cases were scored using the Rud\/Molven criteria and grouped into success, uncertain or failure at control. Non\u2010surgical cases were scored with the periapical index (PAI) and similarly grouped into success, uncertain or failure at control. Chi\u2010square analyses were used for comparison of subgroups of teeth treated and logistic regression analyses for assessment of the influence of clinical variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010surgical retreatment was performed on 351 teeth and 107 teeth were treated with endodontic microsurgery, with overall success rates of 65.5% and 77.6%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant. Teeth with an intra\u2010radicular post treated non\u2010surgically (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) were successful in 73.3% of cases, whereas teeth with intra\u2010radicular post treated with endodontic microsurgery (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) had a lower, 66.7% success rate. The distribution of tooth groups (anterior, premolar and molar) differed significantly between surgical and non\u2010surgical cases, with maxillary anterior and premolar teeth more often treated surgically. Non\u2010surgical retreatment cases were significantly influenced by patients' age (older patients had poorer outcome) and pre\u2010operative PAI score (negatively correlated with outcome). Surgical cases were not significantly influenced by the factors studied here.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The tooth type differed significantly for teeth treated by surgical versus non\u2010surgical methods. Microsurgical treatment with apicectomy and retrograde filling showed significantly better treatment results than non\u2010surgical retreatment of teeth with apical periodontitis, whereas treatment outcome in teeth with posts after non\u2010surgical treatment tended to be better than after surgical treatment. Outcome of non\u2010surgical retreatment was negatively influenced by older age and higher pre\u2010operative PAI score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13914","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,20]],"date-time":"2023-03-20T08:32:01Z","timestamp":1679301121000},"page":"686-696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Treatment outcome of surgical and non\u2010surgical endodontic retreatment of teeth with apical periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"H\u00e5vard","family":"Stueland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dag","family":"\u00d8rstavik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo  Oslo 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