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A plausible association between apical periodontitis (AP) and DM has been reported, but the underlying mechanism is not yet elucidated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the bacterial quantity and the expression of interleukin\u201017 (IL\u201017) in necrotic teeth with AP in type 2 DM (T2DM), pre\u2010diabetic and non\u2010diabetic control patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all, 65 patients with necrotic pulp and AP [periapical index (PAI) scores \u22653] were included. The age, gender, medical history and medications list, including metformin and statin intake, were recorded. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was analysed, and the patients were divided into three groups: T2DM (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200920), pre\u2010diabetics (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200923) and non\u2010diabetic (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200922). Bacterial samples (<jats:italic>S1<\/jats:italic>) were collected by file and paper points. Bacterial DNA was isolated and quantified using 16S ribosomal RNA gene\u2010targeted quantitative real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). For IL\u201017 expression, (<jats:italic>S2<\/jats:italic>) samples were collected from the periapical tissue fluid using paper points passing through the apical foramen. The IL\u201017 total RNA was extracted, and reverse transcription (RT\u2010qPCR) analysis was performed. Comparisons between the three study groups were conducted using one\u2010way <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc> and Kruskal\u2013Wallis test to explore the relationship between bacterial cell counts and IL\u201017 expression in each group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The distributions of PAI scores were equivalent among the groups, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.289. T2DM patients had higher bacterial counts and IL\u201017 expression than other groups, but these differences were not statistically significant, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.613 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.281, respectively. T2DM patients taking statin appear to have lower bacterial cell count than those who do not take statin, approaching the significance level, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.056.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>T2DM patients had a non\u2010significant higher bacterial quantity and IL\u201017 expression compared to pre\u2010diabetic and healthy controls. Although these findings indicate a weak association, it may impact the clinical outcome of endodontic diseases in diabetic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T18:38:40Z","timestamp":1683139120000},"page":"881-895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bacterial quantity and interleukin\u201017 expression in necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis from type II diabetic patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2440-474X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaa","family":"Aldoss","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Dental University Hospital King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Alghofaily","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1168-0729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahd","family":"Alsalleeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.BIOPHA.2018.02.103"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Albicans biofilm formation is restricted by periodontal ligament cells and induces differential cytokines response compared to planktonic C. 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