{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T04:58:38Z","timestamp":1789016318633,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of N\u2010acetyl\u2010L\u2010cysteine (NAC) against apical periodontitis (AP) in rats with adriamycin (ADR)\u2010induced kidney and heart diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourty\u2010eight Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: (1) Control group, (2) ADR group (1\u2009mg\/kg\/day ip for 10\u2009days), (3) AP Group (1st mandibular molar tooth), (4) AP\u2009+\u2009ADR Group, (5) AP\u2009+\u2009NAC group (150\u2009mg\/kg\/day ip), and (6) AP\u2009+\u2009ADR\u2009+\u2009NAC group. After 3\u2009weeks, the rats were decapitated and blood and tissue samples (heart, kidney, and jaw) were collected. Tissue samples were evaluated by biochemical (inflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic parameters) and radiological analyses. One\u2010way <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc> with Tukey post hoc tests was used to compare data, considering <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05 as statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The serum levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20101\u03b2, BUN, Creatinine, CK, and LDH were elevated in the test groups compared with the control group, and treatment with NAC reduced these levels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Heart and kidney tissue analysis showed a higher heart\u2010to\u2010body weight ratio (HW\/BW) and kidney\u2010to\u2010body weight ratio (KW\/BW) in the test groups compared with the control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). No significant differences in HW\/BW and KW\/BW were found between the control and AP\u2009+\u2009NAC groups. Volumetric apical bone resorption analysis showed an increase in periapical radiolucencies in AP\u2010induced groups indicating apical periodontitis. NAC treatment reduced the total area and volume of resorption cavities (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that NAC's antioxidant and anti\u2010inflammatory effects can reduce adriamycin\u2010mediated heart and kidney damage and may have a positive effect on apical periodontitis in individuals with nephropathy and cardiomyopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T07:14:05Z","timestamp":1702192445000},"page":"195-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of N\u2010acetyl\u2010L\u2010cysteine against apical periodontitis in rats with adriamycin\u2010induced cardiomyopathy and nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Ahmet \u00d6zer","family":"\u015eehirli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry Near East University  North Cyprus Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7281-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umut","family":"Aksoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Near East University  North Cyprus Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Sibai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Near East University  North Cyprus Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaan","family":"Orhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry Ankara University  Ankara 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