{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:20:29Z","timestamp":1791822029552,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021713","name":"Universidad de Almer\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPUENTE2021\u2010006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPUENTE2021\u2010006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021713","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the microbiome present in root canals and periapical lesions of teeth with post\u2010treatment infections, and to identify the presence of keystone taxa in both habitats using next\u2010generation sequencing analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apices and periapical lesions of patients with post\u2010treatment apical periodontitis were surgically extracted. Specimens were cryo\u2010pulverized, bacterial DNA was extracted, and the V3\u2013V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. Bioinformatic analysis was carried out with Mothur software, whilst diversity indices were obtained using operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The diversity indices were compared with the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test, and community composition differences were explored with Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA). A bacterial functional study was performed with the Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis. Co\u2010occurrence network analyses were performed using the Sparse Correlations for Compositional data (SparCC). Eigencentrality, clr\u2010based abundance and ubiquitousness were applied to infer keystone taxa. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> values &lt;.05 were considered statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010two apices and thirty\u2010nine periapical lesions were sequenced and analysed. A similar alpha\u2010diversity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) and community composition (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.91) was observed for apices and lesion samples. The most abundant OTUs identified amongst all samples included <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Prevotella loescheii, Streptococcus intermedius, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Parvimonas micra, Synergistetes bacterium, Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Peptostreptococcus stomatis<\/jats:italic>. The metabolic pathways with &gt;0.81% abundances included membrane transport, genetic information processing and metabolic pathways. <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> was identified as a keystone taxon as it showed ubiquitousness, an eigenvector centrality value of 0.83 and a clr\u2010based abundance &gt;4.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The microbiome in apices and periapical lesions of post\u2010treatment endodontic infections showed a similar diversity and taxonomic composition. Co\u2010occurrence network analyses at OTU level identified <jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic> as a keystone taxon candidate in these infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,15]],"date-time":"2024-02-15T10:04:47Z","timestamp":1707991487000},"page":"933-942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Identification of keystone taxa in root canals and periapical lesions of post\u2010treatment endodontic infections: Next generation microbiome research"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0559-2159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Arias\u2010Moliz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology University of Granada  Granada Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA  Granada 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Antonio","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Salcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer\/University of Granada\/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada  Granada Spain"},{"name":"Microbiology Unit, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Soriano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer\/University of Granada\/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada  Granada Spain"},{"name":"Center for Research in Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agri\u2010Food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL) University of Almeria  Almer\u00eda 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