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The effect of iRoot BP Plus on osteoclastogenesis was determined using TRAP staining and phalloidin staining, respectively. Pit formation assay was conducted to measure osteoclast resorptive capacity. Western blot and qPCR were performed to examine osteoclast\u2010related proteins and gene expression, respectively. Western blot was also used to investigate the signalling pathways involved. For in\u00a0vivo experiments, an LPS\u2010induced mouse calvarial bone resorption model was established to analyse the effect of iRoot BP Plus on bone resorption (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20096 per group). At 7\u2009days, mouse calvaria were collected and prepared for histological analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified that iRoot BP Plus extracts significantly attenuated RANKL\u2010induced osteoclastogenesis, reduced sealing zone formation, restrained osteolytic capacity and decreased osteoclast\u2010specific gene expression (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Mechanistically, iRoot BP Plus extracts reduced TRAF6 via proteasomal degradation, then suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen\u2010activated protein kinases (MAPKs), blocked the nuclear translocation of c\u2010Fos and diminished nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u2010\u03baB) p65 and NFATc1 accumulation. Consistent with the in\u00a0vitro results, iRoot BP Plus extracts attenuated osteoclast activity thus protecting against inflammatory bone resorption in\u00a0vivo (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05), which was accompanied by a suppression of TRAF6, c\u2010Fos, NFATc1 and cathepsin K expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings provide valuable insights into the signalling mechanisms underlying nanoparticulate bioceramic putty\u2010mediated bone homeostasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T05:55:03Z","timestamp":1708926903000},"page":"682-699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nanoparticulate bioceramic putty suppresses osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone loss in mice via inhibition of TRAF6\u2010mediated signalling 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