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This study investigated the anti\u2010inflammatory properties of G\u2010Rb1 on human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and aimed to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>The KEGG pathway analysis was performed after RNA sequencing in G\u2010Rb1\u2010 and LPS\u2010treated hDPCs. Reverse\u2010transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2013PCR) and western blot analysis were used for the assessment of cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines. Statistical analysis was performed with one\u2010way <jats:sc>ANOVA<\/jats:sc> and the Student\u2013Newman\u2013Keuls test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>G\u2010Rb1 did not exhibit any cytotoxicity within the range of concentrations tested. However, it affected the levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106 and IL\u20108, as these showed reduced levels with exposure to LPS. Additionally, less mRNA and protein expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule\u20101 (VCAM\u20101) and intercellular adhesion molecule\u20101 (ICAM\u20101) were shown. With the presence of G\u2010Rb1, decreased levels of PI3K\/Akt, phosphorylated I\u03baB\u03b1 and p65 were also observed. Furthermore, phosphorylated ERK and JNK by LPS were diminished within 15, 30 and 60\u2009min of G\u2010Rb1 exposure; however, the expression of non\u2010phosphorylated ERK and JNK remained unchanged.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>G\u2010Rb1 suppressed the LPS\u2010induced increase of cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines, while also inhibiting PI3K\/Akt, phosphorylation of NF\u2013\u03baB transcription factors, ERK and JNK of MAPK signalling in hDPCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T12:25:30Z","timestamp":1709555130000},"page":"759-768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Ginsenoside Rb1 alleviates lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced inflammation in human dental pulp cells via the PI3K\/Akt, NF\u2010\u03baB, and MAPK signalling pathways"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6386-803X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ok Hyung","family":"Nam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry Kyung Hee University  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Kyung Hee University College of Dentistry Kyung Hee Universtiy Medical Center  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae\u2010Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry Jeonbuk National University  Jeonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si Won","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry Chonnam National University  Gwangju 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