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This research aimed to develop a non\u2010EDTA clodronate gel and to measure physicochemical and functional gel properties of the novel and commercial gels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 1.37\u2009M clodronate gel was made by combining polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 and tetrasodium clodronate. File\u2010Eze\u2122, Glyde\u2122, Odontoprep\u00ae, RC\u2010Prep\u00ae, SlickGel\u2122 ES and the clodronate gel were tested in pH, density and viscosity experiments. <jats:italic>pH<\/jats:italic>: A pH meter was used at 23\u00b0C. <jats:italic>Viscosity<\/jats:italic>: A rheometer recorded viscosity at a shear rate of 10\/s at 35\u00b0C. <jats:italic>Free available chlorine (FAC)<\/jats:italic>: NaOCl reactivity with the clodronate gel was compared to a 4% NaOCl control by measuring FAC with iodometric titration. <jats:italic>Tissue Dissolution<\/jats:italic>: File\u2010Eze, Glyde, RC\u2010Prep and clodronate gel mixtures with 4% NaOCl, PBS (phosphate buffered saline) (negative control) and 4% NaOCl (positive control) were tested. Percentage weight losses of porcine palatal mucosa were recorded over 5\u2009min at 35\u00b0C. Smear Layer Removal (SLR): Scanning electron micrography and ImageJ software assessed the SLR ability of File\u2010Eze, Glyde, RC\u2010Prep, clodronate gel, PBS (negative control) and 15% EDTA (positive control) by calculating the area fraction percentage of the image occupied by open dentinal tubules (AF%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>pH<\/jats:italic>: Values ranged from 5.78\u2009\u00b1\u20090.09 (RC\u2010Prep) to 11.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.05 (clodronate gel). <jats:italic>Viscosity<\/jats:italic>: Ranges were 6390\u2009\u00b1\u2009290 (File\u2010Eze) to 714\u2009\u00b1\u200950\u2009mPa.s (Odontoprep). <jats:italic>FAC:<\/jats:italic> The clodronate gel differed significantly from 4% NaOCl (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001, two\u2010way <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>, \u0160\u00edd\u00e1k's tests), albeit with small absolute differences. <jats:italic>Tissue Dissolution<\/jats:italic>: All gel\u2013NaOCl mixtures, except for clodronate gel\u2010NaOCl, differed significantly to 4% NaOCl (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001, one\u2010way AVOVA, Tukey's multiple comparisons test). Weight losses were: 4% NaOCl, 30.0\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7%; clodronate gel\u20104% NaOCl, 29.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5%; whilst other gel\u20134% NaOCl mixtures ranged from 2.8\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0% to \u22120.6\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5% and PBS was \u22120.13\u2009\u00b1\u20093.3%. <jats:italic>SLR Ability<\/jats:italic>: Median AF%s were: 15% EDTA\u20109.7%; File\u2010Eze\u20108.7%; clodronate gel\u20105.8%; Glyde\u20102.5%; RC\u2010Prep\u20102.2%; PBS\u20100.22%. All gels differed to 15% EDTA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001, Kruskal\u2013Wallis, Dunn's tests) except File\u2010Eze.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The gels varied in physical properties, but none of them both dissolved organic tissue in NaOCl mixtures and removed smear layer well. Thus, none of the gels tested possessed all functional properties required of a chelating gel for glide path creation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T13:55:07Z","timestamp":1735307707000},"page":"516-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Physicochemical and functional properties of a novel clodronate\u2010containing chelating gel: A comparative in\u00a0vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0672-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia P.","family":"Wright","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elise S.","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3367-6376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vignesh","family":"Selvaprithiviraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5222-8718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ove A.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), School of Dentistry The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"American Association of Endodontists. 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