{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:51:48Z","timestamp":1787014308806,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to explore the possible bidirectional interrelations between fructose\u2010induced metabolic syndrome (MS) and apical periodontitis (AP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010eight male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097, per group): Control (C), AP, Fructose Consumption (FRUT) and Fructose Consumption and AP (FRUT+AP). The rats in groups C and AP received filtered water, while those in groups FRUT and FRUT+AP received a 20% fructose solution mixed with water to induce MS. The groups AP and FRUT+AP had the pulp of their right mandibular first molar exposed to induce AP. Food consumption, murinometric measurements, blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance were monitored. Fifty\u2010six days after the start of the experiment, the animals were euthanized, and serum samples were collected for metabolomic analysis. Mandibles, livers and right kidneys were also collected. The area and volume of the periapical lesions were calculated using micro\u2010computed tomography. Histopathological evaluation was performed. Kruskal\u2013Wallis followed by the Student\u2013Newman\u2013Keuls or Mann\u2013Whitney tests and one\u2010way\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      followed by Tukey's or Independent\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test were used for non\u2010parametric and parametric data, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Multivariate analysis and variable importance in projection score were applied to assess metabolite profile differences among groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      FRUT and FRUT+AP groups showed significantly increased fluid intake, body mass, abdominal circumference, blood glucose levels, liver weight and visceral fat weight (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05), indicating the development of MS. The analyses of the metabolite profile suggest increasing glucose, histidine, lactate, fatty acid and phenylalanine in the FRUT+AP group. There were no significant differences in volume and area of periapical lesions in micro\u2010CT analyses (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.1048 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.7494, respectively). Histopathological analysis of the hemimandibles demonstrated areas of inflammatory response, necrosis and microabscess in the periapical region. Hepatic histopathological observations indicated notable differences in cell appearance, with the FRUT and FRUT+AP groups showing signs of microsteatosis. Kidney analysis revealed Bowman's space dilation in the FRUT and AP groups, while the FRUT+AP group exhibited retracted Bowman's space, suggesting a possible alteration in renal filtration capacity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MS had no impact on the progression of AP in rats. However, AP exacerbated the systemic state affected by MS, with changes in liver and kidney tissues and metabolite levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,11]],"date-time":"2025-01-11T04:24:42Z","timestamp":1736569482000},"page":"467-483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of a potential bidirectional influence of metabolic syndrome and apical periodontitis: An animal\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9411-7151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Est\u00e9fano Borgo","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Clinical Procedures, School of Dentistry Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana 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Fidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Tadeu","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histology Department, Dentistry School, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry Fluminense Federal University  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liana Bastos","family":"Freitas\u2010Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Medical Biochemistry Rio de Janeiro Federal University  Rio de Janeiro 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