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This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin (QU) and calcium hydroxide (CH) incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL)\/polyethylene oxide (PEO) scaffolds on the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in a simulated inflammatory environment in\u00a0vitro.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were cultured and treated with different concentrations of quercetin (QU) to assess cell viability, mineralized matrix production and responses under inflammatory stimuli. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as TNF\u2010\u03b1 synthesis, were quantified using fluorescence and ELISA methods. Scaffolds of PCL\/PEO with calcium hydroxide and QU were fabricated via electrospinning, characterized and analysed for cell adhesion, viability, inflammatory and mineralisation\u2010related genes in an artificial pulp chamber model. Statistical analysis was performed using\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      , Kruskal\u2013Wallis and confidence intervals with a significance level of 5%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Polycaprolactone\/polyethylene oxide scaffolds incorporated with CH and QU showed cytocompatibility and support for DPSC differentiation at concentrations of up to 5\u2009M diluted in the culture medium. After 14\u2009days of treatment, the scaffolds upregulated\n                      <jats:italic>ALPL<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene expression under the inflammatory stimulus, with no differences between the control group and the nonincorporated scaffold. The expression of osteocalcin (\n                      <jats:italic>OCN<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and dentine sialophosphoprotein (\n                      <jats:italic>DSPP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) genes was significantly upregulated for the scaffold\u2010treated group when stimulated with LPS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incorporating QU and CH into PCL\/PEO scaffolds modulated the inflammatory\u2010related response and upregulated mineralisation\u2010related genes of LPS\u2010challenged dental pulp stem cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  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