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On this basis, a standardised CXCR4 detection and cell sorting strategy can be established to ensure the high purity and viability of the sorted population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      hDPSCs and SCAPs were collected by the outgrowth method from human third molars from three independent healthy (ASA I) patients (&lt;\u200918\u2009years old). Cells were characterised as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and expanded to passage 3\u20136 for experiments. Three different dissociation methods (Enzymatic digestion, Non\u2010enzymatic digestion, Mechanical collection) were used to collect single\u2010cell suspensions from culture flasks. Afterwards, the cells were resuspended in culture medium and allowed to recover at 37\u00b0C\/5% CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      for 0\u20134\u2009h. Surface expression of CXCR4 on viable cells was assessed using flow cytometry. Cell metabolic activity and senescence after dissociation treatment were tested by XTT Assay and senescence staining. Cell migration capacity was evaluated by wound healing assay. The data were statistically analysed using\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 as a statistical significance reference.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>hDPSCs and SCAPs exhibited typical MSC profiles and comparable cell viability under the same dissociation methods and time points. hDPSCs showed higher CXCR4 expression than SCAPs. CXCR4 expression displayed time\u2010dependent fluctuations in both cell types and cell viability was significantly affected by dissociation method and recovery period. Enzymatic digestion resulted in higher CXCR4 expression after 2\u2010h recovery and preserved over 90% cell viability. In contrast, non\u2010enzymatic dissociation and mechanical scraping impaired cell metabolic activity, migration capacity, and induced premature senescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In in\u00a0vitro expanded hDPSCs and SCAPs, the cell\u2010detachment method and recovery time can significantly affect the CXCR4 membrane detection and subsequent cell\u2010survival performance. To balance optimal cell viability and detection reliability, enzymatic cell dissociation followed by a 2\u2010h recovery time seems to be the best protocol for CXCR4 detection and subsequent downstream experiments within the 0\u20134\u2009h time frame.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T08:23:10Z","timestamp":1772958190000},"page":"1479-1488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimising In\u00a0Vitro Detection of\n                    <scp>CXCR4<\/scp>\n                    in Human Dental Pulp Stromal Cells and Stromal Cells From the Apical Papilla"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9368-9892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ding","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Sciences KU 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