{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:09:05Z","timestamp":1790154545685,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E\u201026\/211.458\/2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E\u201026\/211.458\/2021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int Endodontic J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study evaluated an experimental triple antibiotic paste (EXP) composed of nitrofurantoin (4\u2009mg\/g), ciprofloxacin (1\u2009mg\/g) and metronidazole (5\u2009mg\/g) for regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs), using calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ] as a reference.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EXP, commercial Hoshino pastes containing ciprofloxacin, metronidazole and minocycline at 1 or 5\u2009mg\/g, and a Ca(OH)\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      paste were compared in human dental pulp stem cells exposed for 24\u2009h to 0.2\u2009g\/mL extracts. Cytotoxicity was assessed by XTT, Neutral Red, Crystal Violet and qualitative Live\/Dead imaging. The concentrations of 27 cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in culture supernatants were quantified by multiplex immunoassay. Data were analysed using Kruskal\u2013Wallis with Dunn\u2013Holm post hoc testing.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EXP maintained approximately 75% metabolic activity and showed a less severe cytotoxic profile than the Hoshino formulations. In Neutral Red, EXP preserved significantly greater lysosomal integrity than Hoshino 1, Hoshino 5 and Ca(OH)\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Live\/Dead imaging supported greater preservation of viable cells with EXP. Hoshino 5 significantly reduced IL\u20102, IL\u20105 and IL\u20108, whereas Ca(OH)\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      increased IL\u20106 and reduced IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u201015, IL\u201017, VEGF and MIP\u20101\u03b2. Hoshino 1 and EXP only differed from untreated control on IP\u201010, and no differences occurred among medicament\u2010treated groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The nitrofurantoin\u2010based EXP paste demonstrated comparatively improved cytocompatibility toward DPSCs relative to the conventional Hoshino formulations and greater preservation of cell viability than the tested Ca(OH)\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      paste under the present experimental conditions. Together with its previously demonstrated antimicrobial activity, these findings support EXP as a promising candidate for further investigation in REPs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.70276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T08:45:59Z","timestamp":1790153159000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Biological Performance of a Nitrofurantoin\u2010Based Triple Antibiotic Paste for Regenerative Endodontics"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2132-4755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam Fatima Zaccaro","family":"Scelza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endodontics Department Faculty of Dentistry of Fluminense Federal University (UFF)  Niter\u00f3i Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Culture Cell (LECCel) Faculty of Dentistry 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