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In the present study, we induced the indeterminate form of Chagas disease in mice with a Y strain of <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic> and analysed the histopathological data about the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFOH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BZN<\/jats:styled-content> on different tissues, including the heart, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, colon, spleen and brain. After infection, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BALB<\/jats:styled-content>\/c mice were treated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFOH<\/jats:styled-content> (150\u00a0mg\/kg) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BZN<\/jats:styled-content> (60\u00a0mg\/kg) for 60\u00a0days and then submitted to immunosuppression using dexamethasone (5\u00a0mg\/kg) for 14\u00a0days. Two trained analysts, as part of a blind evaluation, examined the results using serial sections of 3\u00a0mm diameter in two different moments. The results showed reactivation of the disease only in the infected nontreated group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POS<\/jats:styled-content>). After treatment, amastigote nests were found in the heart, colon, liver and skeletal muscle in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POS<\/jats:styled-content> group and in the heart and liver of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BZN<\/jats:styled-content> group. Interestingly, amastigote nests were not found in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFOH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NEG<\/jats:styled-content> groups. The histopathological analysis showed fewer tissue lesions and parasite infiltrates in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFOH<\/jats:styled-content> group when compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BZN<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">POS<\/jats:styled-content> groups. We have not observed any increase in the levels of hepatocellular injury biomarkers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AST<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALT<\/jats:styled-content>) in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFOH<\/jats:styled-content> group. These in\u00a0vivo studies show the potential for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NFOH<\/jats:styled-content> as an effective and safe compound useful as an anti\u2010<jats:italic>T.\u00a0cruzi<\/jats:italic> agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]],"date-time":"2018-10-15T09:36:54Z","timestamp":1539596214000},"page":"236-248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Hydroxymethylnitrofurazone treatment in indeterminate form of chronic Chagas disease: Reduced intensity of tissue parasitism and inflammation\u2014A histopathological study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2540-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cau\u00ea B.","family":"Scarim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Drugs and Medicines Lapdesf \u2010 Laboratory of Research and Development of Drugs Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cleverton R.","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Faculty of Dentistry Department of Physiology and Pathology Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o A.","family":"da Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean L.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Drugs and Medicines Lapdesf \u2010 Laboratory of Research and Development of Drugs Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung M.","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Drugs and Medicines Lapdesf \u2010 Laboratory of Research and Development of Drugs Araraquara S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"WHO.Chagas disease in Latin America: an epidemiological update based on 2010 estimates.Geneva:World Health Organization;2015 90 33\u201044."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-97602010000300009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"WHO.Control of Chagas disease: second report of the WHO\u00a0expert committee World Health Organization (2000: Brasilia Brazil).Geneva:World Health Organization;2002 905 109."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-1646-2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02842-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04128-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000100004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760150401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507574"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.526"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05018-14"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2003.07.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da atividade mutag\u00eanica do pr\u00f3\u2010f\u00e1rmaco NFOH\u2010121 em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao nitrofural (nitrofurazona)","volume":"22","author":"Guido RVC","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Ci\u00eanc Farm"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"BosquesiPL.Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o Da Presen\u00e7a Do Grupo Nitro Na Atividade Antichag\u00e1sica E Mutag\u00eanica Do Candidato a F\u00e1rmaco Hidroximetilnitrofural (NFOH). 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