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In the mice the diaphragm (DIA) is most resembles the dystrophic human pathology. In this study we have evaluated the consequences of a synthetic antioxidant (tempol) on oxidative stress parameters in the DIA muscle of mdx mice. The mdx mice were separated into two groups: mdx, the control group receiving intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of saline solution (100\u00a0\u00b5L), and mdxT, the treated group receiving i.p. injections of tempol (100\u00a0mg\/kg). The tempol\u2010treated group showed reduced oxidative stress markers, decreasing the dihydroethidium reaction (DHE) area; autofluorescent lipofuscin granules; and 4\u2010hydroxynonenal (4\u2010HNE)\u2010protein adduct levels. DIA muscle of mdx mice. At the same time, the manganese\u2010superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) levels were increased in the tempol\u2010treated group. In addition, the tempol\u2010treated group showed reduced levels of glutathione\u2010disulphide reductase (GSR), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) and catalase (CAT) in immunoblots. The tempol\u2010treated group has also shown lower relative gene expression of SOD1, CAT and GPx than the non\u2010treated group. Our data demonstrated that tempol treatment reduced oxidant parameters and increased anti\u2010oxidant SOD2 levels in the DIA muscle of mdx mice, which may contribute to the normalization of the redox homeostasis of dystrophic muscles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T15:56:18Z","timestamp":1603554978000},"page":"289-297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Tempol improves redox status in <i>mdx<\/i> dystrophic diaphragm muscle"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2937-3890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00falio de Almeida","family":"Hermes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Structural and Functional Biology Institute of Biology State University of Campinas (UNICAMP)  Campinas 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