{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T20:58:13Z","timestamp":1758056293554,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["28494","28679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["28494","28679"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Experimental Path"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer\u2010related mortality worldwide. The Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) may play a role in certain cases of GC. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of EBV in the gastric tissue of both gastric cancer patients and non\u2010cancer patients in Shiraz, Iran. In this cross\u2010sectional study, 159 formalin\u2010fixed paraffin\u2010embedded (FFPE) tissues from gastric cancer patients and 137 from non\u2010cancer patients were assessed. All samples were assessed using PCR on the \u03b2\u2010globin gene. The nested PCR method was used to investigate the presence of the EBNA\u20101\u2010EBV gene. The results were analysed using chi\u2010squared statistical tests. The mean age of the GC group and the control group was 62.08\u2009\u00b1\u200913.45 and 63.97\u2009\u00b1\u20099.13. In the GC and control groups, 33.33% (53\/159) and 35.04% (48\/137) were female. The results showed that in the cancer group, 1.88% (3\/159) of tissue samples were positive for EBV, while this statistic was 22.62% (31\/137) for non\u2010cancer samples (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). All EBV\u2010positive cancer patients were female with a mean age of 64.66\u2009\u00b1\u20097.37 while in the control group, 20.83% (10\/48) of females and 23.59% (21\/89) of males were positive for EBV, which was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.832). The low frequency of EBV infection in GC tissue might indicate the \u2018hit and run\u2019 mechanism of EBV in GC carcinogenesis. Additionally, the abundance of B lymphocytes in the inflamed samples of the healthy control group might influence the high frequency of EBV in this group. More investigations are recommended to verify these results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T12:23:56Z","timestamp":1754310236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular epidemiology of Epstein\u2013Barr virus in gastric cancer patients compared to healthy control group in Shiraz, Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh Hosseini","family":"Tabatabaie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sahel","family":"Faraji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farahnaz","family":"Farahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Vafapour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haniyeh","family":"Abuei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mohammad Ali","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mansoureh","family":"Shokripour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Navid","family":"Omidifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2271-670X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Farhadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2259-0836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamal","family":"Sarvari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology and Virology School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray F","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J 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