{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:17:44Z","timestamp":1790903864337,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we aimed to establish the <jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic> antifungal susceptibilities of terbinafine, miconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, griseofulvin, and amphotericin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content> against dermatophyte isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and seventy\u2010seven clinical isolates were tested: <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>richophyton\u00a0rubrum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a078), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>richophyton\u00a0mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a049), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>pidermophyton\u00a0floccosum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>richophyton\u00a0verrucosum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016), and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>richophyton\u00a0tonsurans<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04). The broth microdilution assay for antifungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes was performed according to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>linical and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>aboratory <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tandards <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nstitute guidelines in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>38\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>2 document.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our minimum inhibitory concentration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIC<\/jats:styled-content>) results showed that the values for terbinafine for all dermatophyte isolates were significantly lower than the values for amphotericin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>, miconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and griseofulvin. For <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0rubrum<\/jats:italic> isolates, amphotericin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content> was more active than miconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole. Among the antifungal drugs tested, griseofulvin had the highest minimum inhibitory concentration values for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic> isolates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Terbinafine was found to be the most effective antifungal drug against all tested dermatophyte isolates. Griseofulvin was the less active antifungal drug against <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0mentagrophytes<\/jats:italic> isolates. Performing antifungal susceptibility testing is especially important for screening the development of antifungal resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]],"date-time":"2013-10-18T07:03:08Z","timestamp":1382079788000},"page":"1557-1560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["<i>In vitro<\/i> activities of antifungal drugs against dermatophytes isolated in <scp>T<\/scp>okat, <scp>T<\/scp>urkey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"G\u00fclg\u00fcn","family":"Yeni\u015fehirli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Gaziosmanpa\u015fa University Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebru","family":"Tun\u00e7o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Gaziosmanpa\u015fa University Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aydan","family":"Yeni\u015fehirli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Gaziosmanpa\u015fa University Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunus","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Gaziosmanpa\u015fa University Tokat Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.2.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-8-250"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","unstructured":"del PalacioA GarauM Gonzales\u2010EscaladaA et\u00a0al.Trends in the treatment of dermatophytosis; in Kushwaha RKS Guarro J (eds) Biology of Dermatophytes and Other Keratinophilic Fungi. 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