{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T22:42:38Z","timestamp":1789684958432,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]],"date-time":"2013-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1386633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>Most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010infected patients develop various skin diseases. These skin manifestations not only act as markers but also reflect the patient's underlying immune status. Investigating CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 counts is costly and not always possible. Thus, the potential value to be gained by using skin manifestations as predictors of low CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 counts and disease progression should be explored. The present study attempted to correlate the association of various cutaneous disorders found in HIV<\/jats:styled-content> patients with CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 and CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 counts, the CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0:\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 ratio and stage of HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This was a prospective study involving 61 patients who were HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010positive and demonstrated skin lesions. Punch biopsies of skin were taken for histopathological diagnosis. CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 and CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 T cell counts were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The study sample included a majority of male patients, most of whom were aged 21\u201340\u00a0years. Pruritic papular dermatitis was the most common skin manifestation, followed by molluscum contagiosum, eosinophilic folliculitis, and Hansen's disease. Most of the lesions were associated with CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 counts of <220\/\u03bcl (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a038). All skin lesions associated with HIV<\/jats:styled-content> or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS<\/jats:styled-content>) showed a CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0:\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>8 ratio of <0.50.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>The study findings demonstrate an inverse relationship between CD<\/jats:styled-content>4 counts and the occurrence of skin lesions. The majority of lesions were associated with stage 3 or stage 4 infection. Thus, specific cutaneous manifestations can be considered as good clinical indicators for predicting underlying immune status in resource\u2010poor countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]],"date-time":"2013-12-10T08:12:50Z","timestamp":1386663170000},"page":"746-751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Histopathological study of cutaneous manifestations in HIV<\/scp> and AIDS<\/scp> patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Sharada R.","family":"Rane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Sassoon General Hospital Pune India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Preeti B.","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Sassoon General Hospital Pune India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nalini V.","family":"Kadgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Sassoon General Hospital Pune India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenal V.","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Sassoon General Hospital Pune India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaila C.","family":"Puranik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Sassoon General Hospital Pune India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"1506","volume-title":"Harrison's Principles of Medicine","author":"Fauci AS","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02529.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00945.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection","volume":"63","author":"Bhandary PG","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"293","article-title":"Spectrum of dermatologic lesions associated with HIV\/AIDS in India","volume":"45","author":"Lanjewar DN","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7184.93836"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"239","article-title":"Orocutaneous manifestations as markers of disease progression in HIV infection in Indian setting","volume":"60","author":"Sharma YK","year":"2004","journal-title":"MJAFI"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)70295-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.01649.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05801.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(92)70226-6"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.12298","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.12298","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T02:15:20Z","timestamp":1696299320000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.12298"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.12298"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.12298","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-12-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}