{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T11:21:23Z","timestamp":1778498483383,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,15]],"date-time":"2014-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endocrine mucin\u2010producing sweat gland carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMPSGC<\/jats:styled-content>), a low\u2010grade sweat gland carcinoma with a predilection for the eyelids, often shows areas of benign eccrine cysts, atypical intracystic proliferation and associated mucinous carcinoma, suggesting tumor progression. Wilms tumor 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1) protein, a transcription factor, is overexpressed in many tumors and plays a role in oncogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A computer\u2010based search for tumors diagnosed between 1989 and 2009 was conducted. Clinical data were obtained from pathology reports and patient records. Biopsies were reviewed for histologic features. Immunostaining was performed for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1, chromogranin, synaptophysin, estrogen receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content>), epithelial membrane antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMA<\/jats:styled-content>), polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (P\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEA<\/jats:styled-content>), cytokeratin 7 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK<\/jats:styled-content>7), cytokeratin 20 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK<\/jats:styled-content>20) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIB<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight women and five men (mean age: 61.2\u00a0years; range: 40\u201377\u00a0years) presented with slow\u2010growing eyelid nodules. Cases of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMPSGC<\/jats:styled-content> were characterized by the presence of dermal nodules with various growth patterns. Adjacent eccrine cysts were present in five patients, atypical epithelial proliferation within the cyst wall in four patients, and an associated mucinous carcinoma in one patient. All tumors were positive for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK<\/jats:styled-content>7, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ER<\/jats:styled-content>, P\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMA<\/jats:styled-content> and negative for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CK<\/jats:styled-content>20. Tumors were positive for synaptophysin in 12 cases and chromogranin in nine cases. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIB<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 proliferation index was low in most cases. No <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1 staining was observed in the overlying epidermis, adnexal structures or areas of benign eccrine cyst. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1 expression was observed in areas of atypical epithelial proliferation, and the neoplastic cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study shows <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1 expression in the neoplastic epithelial cells of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMPSGC<\/jats:styled-content>, areas of atypical intraductal proliferations, and mucinous carcinoma. The absence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1 expression in areas of benign eccrine cyst and cutaneous sweat glands suggests <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WT<\/jats:styled-content>1 upregulation plays a role in tumor cell proliferation and progression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMPSGC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,15]],"date-time":"2014-09-15T07:36:54Z","timestamp":1410766614000},"page":"1228-1234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["<scp>WT<\/scp>1 expression in endocrine mucin\u2010producing sweat gland carcinoma: a study of 13 cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Wonwoo","family":"Shon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diva R.","family":"Salom\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomic Pathology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199712000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199608000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199511000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"548","article-title":"A unique mucin\u2010producing adnexal carcinoma of the eyelid. 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