{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T10:36:33Z","timestamp":1774607793830,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,25]],"date-time":"2014-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mycobacteria cause a range of diseases in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed individuals and may affect many different organs. The most noticeable recent change in patterns of cutaneous mycobacterial infection refers to the increase in non\u2010tuberculous mycobacterial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content>) infections. This review focuses on the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of cutaneous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> infections. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEDLINE<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> P<\/jats:styled-content>ubMed, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ochrane <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>ibrary databases were searched using the keywords \u201cnon\u2010tuberculous mycobacteria,\u201d \u201catypical mycobacteria,\u201d and \u201cmycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli\u201d. Publications on cutaneous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> infections written in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nglish were included in this review. Literature published by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>orld <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>rganization was examined for further material. References in review articles were screened for other studies not already identified. The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTM<\/jats:styled-content> infections were reviewed. Cutaneous mycobacterial disease may take many guises and may appear benign in nature. Chronic cutaneous lesions at the sites of trauma or surgical procedures, especially those that fail to respond to standard antibiotic therapy, should prompt the consideration of mycobacterial disease. The lack of rapid techniques for the identification of pathogens makes diagnosis challenging. The lack of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of antimicrobial agents means that empiric therapy may fail, necessitate prolonged combinations of antibiotics, and increase the probability of side effects and diminished compliance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,25]],"date-time":"2014-06-25T06:53:11Z","timestamp":1403679191000},"page":"1197-1204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Cutaneous non\u2010tuberculous mycobacterial infections"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Ruth C.","family":"Lamb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alan Lyell Centre for Dermatology Southern General Hospital Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Goutam","family":"Dawn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Monklands Hospital Airdrie UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"424","article-title":"Atypical acid\u2010fast microorganisms","volume":"32","author":"Pinner M","year":"1935","journal-title":"Am Rev Tuberc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200604-571ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(03)00052-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)34193-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.4.716-746.2002","article-title":"Clinical and taxonomic status of pathogenic nonpigmented or late\u2010pigmenting rapidly growing mycobacteria","volume":"15","author":"Brown\u2010Elliot BA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-004-4001-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/323126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.54.7.1756-1760.1988","article-title":"Efficacy of chemical dosing methods for isolating nontuberculous mycobacteria from water supplies of dialysis centers","volume":"54","author":"Carson LA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2004.00949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2000.00821.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","volume-title":"Buruli Ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans infection)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"Scott\u2010LangV DohertyV KavanaghGM et\u00a0al.A review of cutaneous Mycobacterium chelonae infection in South\u2010East Scotland 2003\u20132013. 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