{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:30:10Z","timestamp":1790220610708,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,10]],"date-time":"2014-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune blistering diseases targeting the cell\u2013cell adhesion molecules, desmogleins (Dsgs). Anti\u2010Dsg antibodies, the hallmark of the disease, were not detected in normal individuals in many populations. In spite of the rarity of pemphigus vulgaris (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>) disease in many parts of the world, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> is not rare in Egypt. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the presence of anti\u2010Dsg3 antibodies in normal Egyptians aiming to determine the reason for the increase in number of patients in Egypt with pemphigus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti\u2010Dsg3 antibodies were evaluated in 200 normal human sera, 20 first\u2010degree relatives with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> in comparison with 10 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> as controls using the enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay technique.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen of 200 (7%) normal individuals and two of 20 (10%) first\u2010degree relatives with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> had anti\u2010Dsg3 antibodies using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay technique, and 11 of 16 were still positive after confirmation by indirect immunofluorescence. The sera were positive for IgG1, IgG3, and IgG4 subclasses. The presence of IgG4 subclass in normal individuals is suggestive that they may be in the preclinical stage and therefore are at higher risk to develop the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study proved the presence of anti\u2010Dsg3 antibodies in normal Egyptians with significant relation to some environmental factors. Follow\u2010up of those individuals is necessary to determine who will develop the disease and the triggering factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,11]],"date-time":"2014-09-11T02:46:19Z","timestamp":1410403579000},"page":"1145-1149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Do normal Egyptians possess anti\u2010desmoglein 3 antibodies?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Marwah A.","family":"Saleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed M.","family":"El\u2010Bahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66829-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(74)90365-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12343081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)70079-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09386.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/S0190-9622(03)00851-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007063430104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03265.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2003.12017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.2.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01112924"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-007-0760-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.19.7658"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.11.5056"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2005.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-7-49"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)70324-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2006.02593.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12874456"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113387"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.4.2010"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.12662","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.12662","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T05:48:37Z","timestamp":1696312117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.12662"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,10]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.12662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.12662","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-05-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-01-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-09-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}