{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:52:06Z","timestamp":1787014326401,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Chronic idiopathic urticaria (\n CIU<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a common dermatological condition. Its pathogenesis involves mainly histamine and also other mediators, including platelet\u2010activating factor (\n PAF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1). In the absence of an exact etiology, H\n 1<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010antihistaminics are the mainstay of treatment. Levocetirizine is widely prescribed for\n CIU<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Rupatadine, a newer antihistaminic, has\n PAF<\/jats:styled-content>\n receptor antagonist activity and has shown anti\u2010\n TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b1 activity\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n . These additional anti\u2010inflammatory effects may improve its efficacy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n This study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of rupatadine and levocetirizine, respectively, in\n CIU<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A prospective, open, comparative, randomized study was conducted in 100 patients, of whom 50 were treated with levocetirizine and 50 were treated with rupatadine. Efficacy parameters used were urticarial activity score (\n UAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (\n DLQI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) values. Safety was evaluated by monitoring for adverse drug reactions and by using the critical flicker fusion threshold (\n CFFT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) test and a visual analog scale (\n VAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) at baseline, and at 2, 4, and 6\u00a0weeks.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The mean\n UAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n decreased to 0.10 in the levocetirizine group and to 0.38 in the rupatadine group. Patients in the levocetirizine group showed a more significant (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a00.001) improvement, although symptoms improved in both groups. Significant reductions in mean\n DLQI<\/jats:styled-content>\n scores were observed in both groups, but the decrease was statistically significant in the levocetirizine group (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a00.05). Somnolence was the most common side effect in both groups. Patients in the levocetirizine group showed more psychomotor impairment based on the\n CFFT<\/jats:styled-content>\n test. Findings on the\n VAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n showed sedative effects in both groups (\n P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\u00a00.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Levocetirizine was found to be more efficacious than rupatadine in\n CIU<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients, but both drugs caused mild sedation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T04:03:14Z","timestamp":1418788994000},"page":"1199-1204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Levocetirizine and rupatadine in chronic idiopathic urticaria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Madhulika","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Christian Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana Punjab 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