{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T13:03:26Z","timestamp":1761311006267},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobial peptides are considered as a potential alternative to antibiotic treatment in acne vulgaris because the development of a resistant strain of <jats:italic>Propionibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic> is problematic. Granulysin can be regarded as an ideal substance with which to treat acne because it has antimicrobial and anti\u2010inflammatory effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was performed to explore the effectiveness of granulysin\u2010derived peptides (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDP<\/jats:styled-content>s) in killing <jats:italic>P.\u00a0acnes in vitro<\/jats:italic> under a standard microbiologic assay and to evaluate their potential use in a topical agent for the treatment of acne vulgaris.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty different peptides based on the known sequence of a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDP<\/jats:styled-content> were synthesized and tested <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> for antimicrobial activity. Thirty patients with facial acne vulgaris were instructed to apply a topical formulation containing synthetic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDP<\/jats:styled-content> to acne lesions twice per day for 12\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A newly synthesized peptide in which aspartic acid was substituted with arginine, and methionine was substituted with cysteine, showed the highest antimicrobial activity against <jats:italic>P.\u00a0acnes<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, it was effective against both Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative bacteria <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. After treatment with the topical formulation containing 50\u00a0ppm of synthetic peptide for 12\u00a0weeks, a significant reduction in the number of pustules was observed, regardless of the increase in the number of comedones. In addition, a significant reduction in the clinical grade of acne based on the Korean Acne Grading System (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KAGS<\/jats:styled-content>) was evident.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synthesized <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDP<\/jats:styled-content> shows strong antimicrobial activity against <jats:italic>P.\u00a0acnes in vitro<\/jats:italic>. The clinical improvement observed suggests a topical formulation containing the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDP<\/jats:styled-content> has therapeutic potential for the improvement of inflammatory\u2010type acne vulgaris by its antimicrobial activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T11:09:09Z","timestamp":1421752149000},"page":"853-862","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Antimicrobial efficacy of granulysin\u2010derived synthetic peptides in acne vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Hee\u2010Sun","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South 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