{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T13:40:53Z","timestamp":1770990053099,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Indocyanine green (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content>) is a photosensitizer recently introduced for the treatment of acne.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content>) using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content> in subjects with acne vulgaris and to evaluate whether there was a difference in the efficacy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> between different numbers of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects with acne on the face were included. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content> lotion (0.1%) was applied for 30 minutes, and a long pulse diode laser was used. Three or five treatments per subject were performed over 2 weeks. Acne lesion counts and Leeds revised acne grades were evaluated at baseline and 2 weeks after the last treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 47 subjects completed the study. After both three and five <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> sessions, a significant reduction in acne lesions and significant improvement in Leeds revised acne grades were found in all treated subjects compared to baseline. In the subjects receiving five <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> sessions, the reduction of papules\/pustules was greater than in the subjects receiving three <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> sessions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01, respectively). However, there was no significant change in the count of nodules\/cysts, although it is a negative trend (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.066). Adverse effects were minimal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICG<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PDT<\/jats:styled-content> using long\u2010pulsed diode laser can be a safe and effective tool for acne vulgaris. Moreover, repetitive treatments of five can cause further improvement of inflammatory acne lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,2]],"date-time":"2016-07-02T03:16:54Z","timestamp":1467429414000},"page":"1157-1163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effects of repetitive photodynamic therapy using indocyanine green for acne vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Hyun\u2010Min","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung\u2010Geun","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CleanUp Dermatologic Clinic Seoul 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