{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:36:26Z","timestamp":1784892986815,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lichen sclerosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>) is an uncommon idiopathic chronic inflammatory debilitating disease with predilection for the genital region. Our recent encounter with an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> case exhibiting perineural inflammation microscopically prompted us to assess the features of all patients diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> at our institution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All cases of LS diagnosed between 1990 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Diagnosis was confirmed with demonstration of microscopic features typical of LS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty patients (42 women and 18 men) with 65 biopsy specimens of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> were identified, of which 41 were extragenital, 16 genital, and three had both. Histopathologically, significantly higher proportions of follicular plugging, atrophy, and vacuolar interface changes were observed in extragenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> cases, while angiokeratoma\u2010like, mycosis fungoides\u2010like, and pseudoepitheliomatous changes were only seen in genital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>. Perineural inflammation was observed as a novel finding in 22 cases (33.8%) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Features of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> in this study are generally comparable to those published in the literature, with some differences. In contrast to the literature, extragenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> was more frequently encountered. Histopathologically, perineural inflammation was not an uncommon feature of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> and thus may serve as a clue in the differentiation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content> from its mimickers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]],"date-time":"2016-05-27T07:17:09Z","timestamp":1464333429000},"page":"1076-1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lichen sclerosis: clinicopathological study of 60 cases from Lebanon"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Zeina","family":"Knio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology American University of Beirut Medical Center Beirut 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