{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T20:10:33Z","timestamp":1770235833936,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,22]],"date-time":"2016-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010628","name":"Universidad de La Sabana","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010628","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Centro Dermatol\u00f3gico Federico Lleras"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Histological similarities between granulomas and granulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF<\/jats:styled-content>) may lead to misdiagnoses of sarcoidosis or leprosy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This report presents four patients with GMF<\/jats:styled-content> in whom skin biopsies showed perineural and intraneural granulomas that were confused with tuberculoid leprosy granulomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Patient 1 presented with erythematous plaques and bulky nodules. Biopsy findings suggested cutaneous sarcoidosis. Tumor resection showed granulomatous infiltrate extending to the fascia and skeletal muscle. Clinicopathological correlations permitted a diagnosis of GMF<\/jats:styled-content>. Patient 2 presented with erythematous plaques. Skin biopsies had indicated sarcoidosis. Resection of a thigh nodule excluded leprosy, and GMF<\/jats:styled-content> was diagnosed. Patient 3 presented with scaly, hyperpigmented plaques. Biopsy showed diffuse granulomatous inflammation with epithelioid and giant cells, abundant lymphocytes, and some eosinophils, and indicated GMF<\/jats:styled-content>. Patient 4 presented with pruritic, erythematous plaques. Biopsy of an indurated mammary plaque initially indicated sarcoid granulomatous inflammation. Biopsy review suggested GMF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>This study highlights both the diagnosis of GMF<\/jats:styled-content>, and granulomatous cutaneous nerve injury in GMF<\/jats:styled-content> and its possible confusion with leprosy granulomas. The histological diagnosis of GMF<\/jats:styled-content> includes: (i) a granulomatous infiltrate rich in giant cells, emperipolesis, histiocytic cells, and scattered eosinophils, which may reach the fascia and muscle; (ii) the absence of elastic fibers or their phagocytosis by giant cells; and (iii) lymphocytes that may show atypia and epidermotropism. Deep biopsies reveal GMF<\/jats:styled-content> diagnostic changes and, in conjunction with clinicopathological correlations, exclude a diagnosis of leprosy and support one of GMF<\/jats:styled-content>, thus facilitating its appropriate management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,22]],"date-time":"2016-09-22T09:16:42Z","timestamp":1474535802000},"page":"1336-1340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Perineural and intraneural cutaneous granulomas in granulomatous mycosis fungoides mimicking tuberculoid leprosy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Gerzain","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Microbiology Group School of Medicine Universidad de La Sabana Ch\u00eda Cundinamarca Colombia"},{"name":"Centro Dermatol\u00f3gico Federico Lleras Acosta Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Sanitas Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"T\u00e9llez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Dermatol\u00f3gico Federico Lleras Acosta Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria Sanitas Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200210000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","volume-title":"\u201cGranulomatous Mycosis Fungoides\u201d including \u201cGranulomatous Slack Skin\u201d","author":"Borroni R","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2008.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.03.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1973.01620170079022","article-title":"Progressive, atrophying, chronic granulomatous dermohypodermitis. 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