{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,20]],"date-time":"2025-12-20T21:48:04Z","timestamp":1766267284250},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]],"date-time":"2016-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Invasion of the lymphatic or vascular vessels by the primary tumor is considered a sign of aggressive disease that leads to metastases to the regional lymph nodes and to distant sites. Although lymphovascular invasion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content>) is one of the major characteristics of a primary melanoma tumor, its prognostic significance remains controversial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to determine the clinical significance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content> in melanoma patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Outcomes in 705 patients with cutaneous melanoma were investigated retrospectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median age of the patients was 52 years (range: 16\u2013104 years). Of the 705 patients, 624 (88.5%) did not have <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content> and 81 (11.5%) patients did. Melanoma patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content> more frequently had nodular pathology (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001), invasion to an advanced Clark level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000), greater Breslow thickness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000), a high mitotic rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.018), ulceration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000), neurotropism (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000), lymph node involvement (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000), multiple lymph node involvement (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.008), recurrent disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003), and metastatic disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.008) than those without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content>. However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content> was not significantly associated with age, gender, anatomic localization, tumor\u2010infiltrating lymphocytes, vertical growth phase, a pre\u2010existing melanocytic nevus, or type of distant metastasis. Lymphovascular invasion was significantly associated with both recurrence\u2010free (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) and overall (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) survival. On multivariate analyses, although <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LVI<\/jats:styled-content> was not independently associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RFS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.134), it retained its significance for overall survival (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lymphovascular invasion has significant prognostic impact on nodal involvement, recurrence, and overall survival in cutaneous melanoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]],"date-time":"2016-10-25T08:36:50Z","timestamp":1477384610000},"page":"166-170","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Histological lymphovascular invasion is associated with nodal involvement, recurrence, and survival in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Faruk","family":"Tas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oncology University of Istanbul Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayhan","family":"Erturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Oncology University of Istanbul Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481107700816","article-title":"Lymphovascular invasion as a prognostic factor in melanoma","volume":"77","author":"Egger ME","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.144.4.462"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22382"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2008.01166.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010615)91:12<2401::AID-CNCR1274>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0665-4"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.13405","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.13405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.13405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T07:03:20Z","timestamp":1696316600000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.13405"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.13405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.13405","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-02-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-06-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-10-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}