{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:07:56Z","timestamp":1773288476267,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Giant cell elastolytic granuloma, also known as annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma or actinic granuloma, is histologically characterized by elastophagocytosis. Recent studies have revealed various clinical presentations in both sun\u2010exposed and non\u2010sun\u2010exposed areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To clarify clinical characteristics based on case series observation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed patients who fulfilled the pathological diagnosis criteria for giant cell elastolytic granuloma seen at Mackay Memorial Hospital from 2000 to 2014. Patient characteristics, clinical presentation, duration, associated diseases, treatment, and prognosis were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 22 patients were analyzed and categorized into three major variants. Eight patients with the \u201cannular form\u201d showed large annular lesions, which were usually associated with sun exposure. Six patients with the \u201cpapular form\u201d presented with small papules. Eight patients in the \u201cmixed form\u201d group exhibited both papules and smaller annular plaques. The papular form had the youngest age of onset and shortest disease duration. The known consequences in 19 patients were resolved in seven, improved in three, recurred in four, and persisted in five patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The term \u201cgiant cell elastolytic granuloma\u201d is more appropriate because these were not completely related to actinic changes and may be nonannular. The papular form is not easily recognizable without a biopsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,27]],"date-time":"2017-02-27T05:56:51Z","timestamp":1488175011000},"page":"738-745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Spectrum and clinical variants of giant cell elastolytic granuloma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Wan\u2010Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pa\u2010Fan","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Mackay Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Mackay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Cosmetic Applications and Management Mackay Junior 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