{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:16:51Z","timestamp":1740125811895,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,31]],"date-time":"2017-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Skin disorders are prevalent on primary care medical service trips in Latin America and the Caribbean and commonly include scabies, superficial mycoses, and pyoderma. There have been no previous attempts to describe protocols that international volunteer clinicians use in managing these patients. The purpose of this study was to collect North American clinical protocols used by sending organizations in their volunteer operations in Latin America and the Caribbean, summarize the most common pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management strategies, and compare these to published international practice recommendations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic web search was used to identify North American medical service trip\u2010sending organizations. Clinical protocols were downloaded from their websites, and organizations were directly contacted to request protocols that were not published online. The protocols obtained were summarized, analyzed thematically, and compared to existing international guidelines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 225 organizations contacted, 112 (49.8%) responded, and 31 of these (27.7%) claimed to possess protocols for their trips, of which 20 were obtained and analyzed. Ten (50%) protocols discussed scabies, eight (40%) discussed superficial mycoses, and five (25%) discussed pyoderma. The protocols discussed clinical assessment, pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management with variable degrees of accuracy and thoroughness, and with important omissions when compared to international guidelines. None were the product of systematic literature searches, and most were not referenced.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>To avoid ineffective treatment and related harms, context\u2010specific clinical guidelines are needed for volunteer clinicians practicing in remote international settings, and such guidelines should be based on best evidence and stakeholder consensus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T04:36:43Z","timestamp":1509511003000},"page":"1425-1431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A narrative review of dermatologic protocols for primary care medical service trips in Latin America and the Caribbean"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8521-9252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Dainton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grand River Hospital Kitchener Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Michael G. DeGroote \u2013 School of Medicine McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Medical Service Trip Inc. Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlene H.","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service Trip Inc. Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Toronto Rehabilitation Institute University Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7591\/9781501703850","volume-title":"Hoping to Help; The Promises and Pitfalls of Global Health Volunteering","author":"Lasker NJ","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10730-011-9155-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CNJ.0b013e3182a5f6f7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2190\/HS.42.4.i"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aogh.2016.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"299","article-title":"Epidemiology of tinea of the scalp in Togo","volume":"81","author":"Dupouy\u2010Camet J","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"419","article-title":"A survey of tinea capitis in primary school children in Harare, Zimbabwe","volume":"93","author":"Robertson VJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.00236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.11.126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/mmy.39.2.181.184"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/eamj.v78i10.8963"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2002.01456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"WHO Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development.Epidemiology and management of common skin diseases in children in developing countries. Discussion papers on child health.2005. WHO\/FCH\/CAH\/05.12.2005. Available athttp:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/69229\/1\/WHO_FCH_CAH_05.12_eng.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.00140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1988.tb01283.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7182.527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"Medecins Sans Frontiers.Clinical guidelines \u2013 Diagnosis and treatment manual.2016. 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