{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T08:14:31Z","timestamp":1780992871174,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Imatinib mesylate is a tyrosine\u2010kinase inhibitor used as the first\u2010line treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia patients, but it is also indicated for other hematological diseases and solid tumors. Imatinib treatment is often associated with hypopigmentation, but only a few cases of hyperpigmentation are described in literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We are reporting the first case of imatinib\u2010related hyperpigmentation involving the oral mucosa, skin, and nails in a patient affected by chronic myeloid leukemia and treated with imatinib since 2002. A review of all the available literature regarding the imatinib\u2010related hyperpigmentation was performed, and one additional case was analyzed. Due to the possibility of a post\u2010inflammatory hyperpigmentation, all cases of pigmentary changes previously characterized by a rash and\/or pruritus in the same body areas were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty cases of well\u2010documented imatinib\u2010related hyperpigmentation were described in literature. In our case, imatinib therapy was well tolerated for several years, and it led to an excellent hematological and cytogenetic response. However, the patient gradually developed a blue\u2010gray pigmentation that involved the nose, fingernails, toenails, pretibial regions, posterior axillary folds, and hard palate. Other causes of pigmentary changes were excluded, and histopathological examination confirmed the clinical suspicion of imatinib\u2010related hyperpigmentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hyperpigmentation induced by imatinib is an adverse reaction rarely described in literature. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are not yet completely clear, and further studies are necessary to elucidate them. Currently, no treatment is required for this condition, and there is no indication to discontinue imatinib treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T07:32:39Z","timestamp":1518075159000},"page":"784-790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Imatinib\u2010induced diffuse hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa, the skin, and the nails in a patient affected by chronic myeloid leukemia: report of a case and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Francesca","family":"Di Tullio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0682-6148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor D.","family":"Mandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Scotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria Policlinico Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Padalino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Pellacani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Unit Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine University of Modena and Reggio Emilia Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"1062","article-title":"Pigmentary changes in a patient treated with imatinib","volume":"10","author":"Balagula Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2012.702904"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"817094","article-title":"A rare case of melanosis of the hard palate mucosa in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"2015","author":"Romeo U","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.182387"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2010.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh068"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.5070\/D3472203P2","article-title":"Persistent cutaneous hyperpigmentation after tyrosine kinase inhibition with imatinib for GIST","volume":"14","author":"Alexandrescu DT","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2014.26.4.532"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-209335"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7613.169576"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-011-0325-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Diffuse pigmentation of the palate","volume":"100","author":"Lewis DM","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Okla Dent Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5070\/D3498194BX","article-title":"Oral melanosis after tyrosine kinase inhibition with imatinib for chronic myelogenous leukemia: report of a case and review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Wong M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.164447"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.19727"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0b013e318033a76c"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23589"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.13931","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.13931","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T14:04:08Z","timestamp":1695477848000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.13931"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.13931"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.13931","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-09-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}