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Circumstantial evidence suggests that some<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>cases have an autoimmune pathogenesis. Previous research indicates that a substantial percentage of patients with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>have an atopic background.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to examine the association between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>, and atopic and autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This population\u2010based retrospective cohort study identified 9,332 patients with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>and 37,328 controls matched for age, sex, and number of dermatological clinic visits from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for 2004\u20132009. Using multiple logistic regression, we estimated odds ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>) and 95% confidence intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) for associations of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>with atopic and autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>was most strongly associated with Kawasaki disease (modified<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>, 2.76; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>1.15\u20136.63), followed by Henoch\u2013Sch\u00f6nlein purpura (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSP<\/jats:styled-content>), atopic dermatitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>), systemic lupus erythematosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>), allergic rhinitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content>), autoimmune thyroid diseases, Sj\u00f6gren syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>), and asthma, which had the lowest adjusted<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>(1.11; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>1.01\u20131.22) among comorbidities significantly associated with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>. The associations varied in relation to age, group, and sex. Among women,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>was significantly associated with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content>, autoimmune thyroid diseases,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>, vitiligo, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSP<\/jats:styled-content>. Among men,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>was significantly associated with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content>, autoimmune thyroid diseases, Kawasaki disease, and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>is associated with atopic\/autoimmune diseases. Increased awareness of atopic and autoimmune comorbidities may be warranted for patients with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CU<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T03:09:20Z","timestamp":1523934560000},"page":"822-829","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Associations of chronic urticaria with atopic and autoimmune comorbidities: a nationwide population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Hsien\u2010Yi","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin\u2010Chu Branch Hsinchu Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology National 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