{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:20:27Z","timestamp":1777425627960,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]],"date-time":"2018-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Various clinical criteria are used to categorize leprosy patients into paucibacillary (PB<\/jats:styled-content>) and multibacillary (MB<\/jats:styled-content>), thus aiding in appropriate treatment. However, comprehensive studies validating these criteria are minimal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Aims<\/jats:title>To assess sensitivity and specificity of different clinical criteria individually and in combination for classifying leprosy into PB<\/jats:styled-content>\/MB<\/jats:styled-content> spectrum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Method<\/jats:title>A prospective study was conducted wherein 50 newly diagnosed, untreated leprosy cases were recruited and classified into PB<\/jats:styled-content> and MB<\/jats:styled-content> using the following clinical criteria: number of skin lesions (NSL<\/jats:styled-content>), number of body areas affected (NBAA<\/jats:styled-content>), and size of largest skin lesion (SLSL<\/jats:styled-content>). Patients with pure neuritic leprosy, diffuse macular type of lepromatous leprosy, and with reactions were excluded. Sensitivity and specificity of these clinical criteria in classification was calculated taking histopathological findings as gold standard.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Among 50 patients, 37 were males and 13 were females with a mean age of 32.08\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.55\u00a0years. The sensitivity and specificity of NSL<\/jats:styled-content>, NBAA<\/jats:styled-content>, and SLSL<\/jats:styled-content> was 94.74 and 87.1%, 94.74 and 61.29%, and 73.68 and 16.13%, respectively. Combining all three criteria, the sensitivity increased to 100%, but specificity decreased drastically to 12.9%. The ROC<\/jats:styled-content> curve for NSL<\/jats:styled-content>, NBAA<\/jats:styled-content>, and SLSL<\/jats:styled-content> showed a cutoff of \u22656 skin lesions, \u22653 body areas affected, and \u22642\u00a0cm lesion to classify as MB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The current WHO<\/jats:styled-content> system of leprosy classification based on NSL<\/jats:styled-content> seems to be best among available clinical criteria. Uniform and sensible application of this criteria itself assures appropriate categorizing and leprosy treatment with reasonable sensitivity and specificity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.14041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]],"date-time":"2018-05-29T20:01:57Z","timestamp":1527624117000},"page":"1107-1113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A prospective study to validate various clinical criteria used in classification of leprosy: a study from a tertiary care center in India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Manisha","family":"Thapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muthu","family":"Sendhil Kumaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tarun","family":"Narang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uma N.","family":"Saikia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gitesh U.","family":"Sawatkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Dogra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Chemotherapy of leprosy for control programmes","volume":"675","year":"1982","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy","volume":"768","year":"1988","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Report of a WHO Study Group","volume":"847","author":"Chemotherapy of leprosy","year":"1994","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47276\/lr.83.4.354"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1489\/1544-581X(2004)072<0173:SLLOLB>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy","volume":"874","year":"1998","journal-title":"World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"501","article-title":"2015: time for action, accountability and inclusion","volume":"92","author":"Global leprosy update","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","unstructured":"National Leprosy Eradication Programme New Delhi 2016. Available from:http:\/\/nlep.nic.in\/pdf\/FINAL_MPR_1.pdf(Accessed 15th Jan 2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"445","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of methods of classification of leprosy without use of skin\u2010smear examination","volume":"66","author":"Croft RP","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.25781"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"292","article-title":"Allocation of patients to paucibacillary or multibacillary drug regimens for the treatment of leprosy\u2013a comparison of methods based mainly on skin smears as opposed to clinical methods\u2013alternative clinical methods for classification of patients","volume":"59","author":"Becx\u2010Bleumink M","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.42894"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"The allocation of leprosy patients into paucibacillary and multibacillary groups for multidrug therapy, taking into account the number of body areas affected by skin, or skin and nerve lesions","volume":"63","author":"Brakel WH","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lepr Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"Classification of leprosy according to immunity. A five\u2010group system","volume":"34","author":"Ridley DS","year":"1966","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1489\/0020-7349(2004)72<278:VOTWOC>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.169735"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fijd.14041","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ijd.14041","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T14:28:38Z","timestamp":1695047318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ijd.14041"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ijd.14041"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijd.14041","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0011-9059","1365-4632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0011-9059","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-4632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-05-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}